Renal Colic And Haematuria Flashcards
name three genetic conditions that have RCC as a consequence
von Hippel Lindau syndrome
Hereditary clear cell RCC
hereditary papillary RCC
what does RCC stand for
Renal cell carcinoma
adenocarcinoma
arise from proximal tubular epithelium
What does TCC stand for
transitional cell carcinoma
name three signs of RCC
Haematuria
costovertebral pain
palpable mass
(can also can fever, malaise, weakness, weight loss)
what is the definition of haematuria
excretion of 3 or more RBCs per high powered field in freshly voided urine
2 tpyes of haematuria
macroscopic and microscopic
name at least 2 medical causes of haematuria
glomerulonephritis AI/vasculitis (SLE, Wegner's) Genetic (sickle cell, polycystic kidneys) Infections (TB) Diabetes Amyloidosis
name at least 2 causes of surgical renal and LUT cause of haematuria
tumours calculi trauma BPH urethral stricture
what are the main risk factors associated with developmetn of RCC
SMOKING obesity asbestos unopposed oestrogen chronic renal fialure some heavy metals
where do TCCs arise from
anywhere between the renal pelvis and urethra (inc ureter and bladder)
bladder is commonest
in which group of people do transitional cell carcinomas usually arise?
over 50s who smoke
what are the signs and symptoms of TCC
painless haematuria (85%) irritating bladder symptoms (20%) (frequency urgency and dysuria)
what is urolithiasis
kidney stone
what is the most common type of calculi
calcium oxalate and phosphate
2nd struvite
what is the most common infection that causes haematuria
e coli
also:
enterococcus faecalis
pseudomonas
klebsiella
