3.04 Reactions of acids

Question 1

All metal oxides and hydroxides are acids or bases?

Answer 1

Bases

Question 2

Write the general word equation for the reaction of acid with a metal oxide or hydroxide

Answer 2

acid + metal oxide or hydroxide —> salt + water

Question 3

Which salt is produced when hydrocholric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide?

Write the chemical equation.

Answer 3

Sodium chloride

HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq) —-> NaCl (aq) + H2O(l)

Question 4

Which salt is produced when sulfuric acid reacts with zinc oxide?

Write the chemical equation.

Answer 4

Zinc sulfate

H2SO4 (aq) + ZnO (s) —-> ZnSO4 (aq) + H2O(l)

Question 5

Which salt is produced when sulfuric acid reacts with calcium hydroxide?

Write the chemical equation.

Answer 5

Calcium sulfate

H2SO4 (aq) + Ca(OH)2 (s) —-> CaSO4 (aq) + H2O(l)

Question 6

Which salt is produced when nitric acid reacts with magnesium oxide?

Write the chemical equation.

Answer 6

Magnesium nitrate

2HNO3 (aq) + MgO (s) —-> Mg(NO3)2 (aq) + H2O(l)

Question 7

Which salt is produced when nitric acid reacts with potassium hydroxide?

Write the chemical equation.

Answer 7

Potassium nitrate

HNO3 (aq) + KOH (aq) —-> KNO3 (aq) + H2O(l)

Question 8

Write the general equation for the reaction of a metal with an acid

Answer 8

acid + metal —-> metal salt + hydrogen

Question 9

Write the word and chemical equation for the reaction of: magnesium and hydrochloric acid

Answer 9

magnesium + hydrochloric acid
—> magnesium chloride + hydrogen

Mg + 2HCl —-> MgCl2 + H2

Question 10

Write the word and chemical equation for the reaction of: aluminium and hydrochloric acid

Answer 10

aluminium + hydrochloric acid
—> aluminium chloride + hydrogen

2Al + 6HCl —-> 2AlCl3 + 3H2

Question 11

Write the word and chemical equation for the reaction of: magneium and sulfuric acid

Answer 11

magnesium + sulfuric acid
—–> megnesium sulfate + hydrogen

Mg + H2SO4 —-> MgSO4 + H2

Question 12

What is the test for hydrogen?

Answer 12

Hold a lit splint at the open end of a test tube containing hydrogen - you hear a “squeaky” pop

The noise is from the hydrogen burning quickly with oxygen in the air, to form H2O

Question 13

Write the general equation for the reaction of metal carbonates with acids

Answer 13

metal carbonate + acid
—-> metal salt + carbon dioxide + water

Question 14

Write the word and chemical equation for the reaction of: calcium carbonate with sulfuric acid

Answer 14

CaCO3 + H2SO4 —-> CaSO4 + CO2 + H2O

Question 15

Write the word and chemical equation for the reaction of: calcium carbonate with hydrochloric acid

Answer 15

CaCO3 + 2HCl —-> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O

Question 16

Write the word and chemical equation for the reaction of: zinc carbonate with nitric acid

Answer 16

ZnCO3 + 2HNO3 —-> Zn(NO3)2 + CO2 + H2O

Question 17

What is the test for carbon dioxide?

Answer 17

If you bubble CO2 gas through a solution of calcium hydroxide in water (“limewater”), the solution will turn cloudy

The cloudiness is caused by the formation of calcium carbonate