3. Xerxes & Darius Flashcards
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Who was Darius I?
King of the Persian Empire, expanded the empire and reformed administration.
Who was Xerxes I and how did he come to power?
Son of Darius I and Atossa; became king after Darius’s death in 486 BC.
What were Xerxes’ motivations for invading Greece?
Revenge for previous defeats, expansionism, and personal legacy.
What infrastructure projects did Xerxes undertake for the invasion?
Built bridges over the Hellespont and dug the Mount Athos Canal.
What was the outcome of the Battle of Thermopylae?
Greek forces held the pass for three days before being overrun.
What was the significance of the Battle of Salamis?
A decisive Greek naval victory that led to Xerxes’ retreat.
How did Xerxes’ invasion impact his legacy?
Seen as ambitious but ultimately unsuccessful; prompted Greek unity.
What building projects did Xerxes continue?
Expanded Persepolis with new palaces and the Apadana hall.
How did Xerxes die?
Assassinated in 465 BC by court conspirators.
How is Xerxes portrayed by Greek historians like Herodotus?
As impulsive and tyrannical, driven by hubris.
How do modern historians view Xerxes?
Reevaluate his actions within context, acknowledging challenges.
