2. The Greek World 500-440 BCE Flashcards
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What was the Ionian Revolt?
A rebellion of Greek cities in Ionia against Persian rule (499–494 BC).
Why did Persia invade Greece in 490 BC?
To punish Athens for supporting the Ionian Revolt.
What was the significance of the Battle of Marathon?
A decisive Greek victory showcasing hoplite warfare effectiveness.
Who advocated for naval expansion in Athens?
Themistocles.
What was the outcome of the Battle of Thermopylae?
A heroic stand by Greeks; delayed Persians but ultimately overrun.
What was the significance of the Battle of Salamis?
A naval victory that turned the tide in favor of the Greeks.
What did the Battles of Plataea and Mycale achieve?
Final defeats of the Persians, expelling them from mainland Greece.
What was the Delian League?
An alliance of Greek city-states led by Athens, founded in 478 BC.
What was the primary aim of the Delian League?
To continue the war against Persia and liberate Greek cities.
Who was Cimon and what was his role?
An Athenian general who led successful campaigns against Persia.
What was the significance of the Battle of the Eurymedon River?
A decisive victory diminishing the Persian threat.
How did Athens transform the Delian League into an empire?
By asserting control, moving the treasury to Athens, and enforcing policies.
What were the consequences of Athenian imperialism?
Allied resentment, tensions with Sparta, and eventual conflicts.
Who were the Thetes and what was their significance?
The lowest class of Athenian citizens; their naval service elevated their political status.
