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Respiratory > 3 Ventilation > Flashcards

3 Ventilation Flashcards

1
Q

What do we call the air inhaled during a normal breath?

A

Tidal Volume
~ 500ml

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2
Q

What do we call the air we can force out after a normal expiration?

A

The expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
~1100ml

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3
Q

Name the maximum volume of air we can inhale after a normal inspiration?

A

The Inspiratory Reserve Volume - IRV
~3000ml

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4
Q

What is the base level of air in the lungs that we can’t expel?

A

Residual Volume - RV
~1200ml

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5
Q

What is the vital capacity - VC?

A

The variable level of air in the lungs. I,e, the total amount you can inhale/exhale apart from the residual volume.
~4600ml

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6
Q

How do we calculate the vital capacity?

A

Sum of:
- Inspiratory Reserve Volume
- Tidal Volume
- Expiratory Reserve Volume

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7
Q

How do we determine total lung capacity - TLC?

A

Total:
Vital Capacity & Residual Volume
~5800ml

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8
Q

What is the inspiratory Capacity - IC?

A

The total amount you can inspire in one forced breath.
Tidal Volume + Inspiratory Reserve Volume
~3500ml

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9
Q

What is the Functional Residual Capacity - FRC?

A

Resting level of air in lungs during normal breathing
I.e. Residual + Expiratory reserve volume
~2300ml

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10
Q

Summary of Lung volumes and capacity

A
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11
Q

What is the FEV1?

A

Forced Expired Volume in 1 second.

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12
Q

What is FEV1:FVC?

A

A ratio of the vital capacity that can be expired in 1 second in a forced breath.
Can be experssed as a %

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13
Q

What does ventilation broadly refer to?

A

The movement of air in and out of the body?

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14
Q

What are the 2 types of ventilation?

A

Pulmonary (minute) - Total air movement in/out of lungs
Alveolar - Fresh air reaching the alveoli & available for gas exchange.

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15
Q

What is ventilation measured in?

A

L/min

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16
Q

What is hypo/hyperventilation?

A

Hypoventilation is low alveolar ventilation
Hyper is high alveolar ventilation

17
Q

How we determine the partial pressure of a gas as part of a gas mixture?

A

Multiply the % of that gas in the mixture by the total pressure of the mixture.

(All gasses exert the same pressure)

18
Q

What is atmospheric pressure?

A

101kPa
760mmHg

19
Q

What is normal Alveolar ventilation?

A

~4.2L/min

20
Q

Whats the normal partial pressures for oxygen & CO2 in the alveoli?

A

PO2 = 13.3kPa (100mmHg)

PCO2 = 5.3kPa (40mmHg)

21
Q

How do partial pressures change during hyperventilation?

A

PO2 rises (~120mmHg)

PCO2 falls (~20mmHg)

22
Q

What happens to partial pressures during hypoventilation?

A

PO2 falls (~30mmHg)

PCO2 rises (~100mmHg)

23
Q

What are the different lung volumes for males and females

A

Respiratory (30 decks)

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