3 UPF Definitions Flashcards
What is the NOVA system?
It classifies food by the amount and type of processing.
Where was it developed?
Brazil
What is the first category?
un- or minimally- processed food
whole foods but also flour and pasta
What is the second group?
Processed culinary ingredients
Such as?
traditional oils, lard, butter, vinegar honey, starches
How nutritious are Group 2 foods?
Not very, but they are normally combined with Group 1 foods to make them tastier.
Group2 is calorie dense and nutrient poor
What is Group 3?
Processed foods.
What are processed foods?
They are foods made with Group 1 and Group 2
Examples?
Salted nuts, smoked meat, canned fruits and “proper” bread
What is Group 4?
Ultra-processed foods
What are UPFs?
Made up of industrial ingredients requiring sophisticated technology.
Turned into food fractions
What else?
Fractioning of whole foods and chemically modifying those substances.
Examples of foods to which this is done?
Corn and soy
What are they turned into?
oil, protein and starch
Then how are the oils modified?
Refined, bleached, deodorized, hydrogenated, interesterified
What do they do to the starch?
modify
What do they do to the protein?
Hydrolize
What then happens to the modified food fractions?
Combined with additives then molded or extruded
What is the corporate goal for UPFs?
Maximize profits by minimizing costs, ↑ shelf life, create branding and make foods hyper-palatable
THey intend for these foods to replace the other groups
In the UK, what percentage of calories consumed are UPFs?
60%
How many centimeters in a foot?
approximately 30
How many pounds in a kilogram?
1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds
What is nutritionalism?
Categorizing a food by measurable components.
calories, vitamins, etc.
What do you need to watch for in nutrition labelling?
Serving size
Why?
UPFs are designed to make you eat more than one serving
What did Nutrition Science study originally?
Studying diseases of deficiency
scurvy, pellagra (B3)
Which supplements work for healthy people?
None
What are studies beginning to show?
That UPFs increase risk of many bad health outcomes.
Is it just the UPF components?
Yes. Some studies can isolate that from the general poor nutition of UPFs.
What do UPFs increase the risk of?
Obesity, death (all-mortality), heart disease, cancers (particularly breast), type 2 diabetes, dementia
