3. The opposition- underground, in prison and in exile Flashcards
What did the ANC and PAC do when they were banned in 1960?
After they were banned in 1960, the ANC and PAC established armed wings to continue underground resistance. They planned to fight a guerrilla war to overthrow the government.
But the leaders of _____ __ _____(or MK, the armed wing of the ANC) were arrested and sentenced to ____ ________ after the ______ ____ in 1964.
Umkhonto we Sizwe
to life imprisonment
Rivonia Trial
What caused the failure of Poqos (the armed wing of the PAC) plans?
Plans by Poqo (the armed wing of the PAC) also came to nothing when their leaders were arrested and imprisoned.
As a result of this banning, what happened to some of the ANC and PAC leaders?
After the banning of the ANC and PAC, these organisations sent some of their own leaders out of the country to set up headquarters in exile.
What did Oliver Tambo while he was exiled?
Oliver Tambo led the ANC in exile from its headquarters in Lusaka in Zambia and the PAC established a base first in Lesotho and then in Tanzania.
True or false, But, although the ANC and PAC survived in exile, they had a large influence in South Africa during the 1960s and early 1970s.
False, but, although the ANC and PAC survived in
exile, they did not have much influence in South Africa during the 1960s and early 1970s.
Why was it difficult for these organisations to infiltrate South Africa?
It was difficult for them to infiltrate South Africa, because of the military the strength of the SADF and the ring of white-controlled allied countries to the north. Many of the ANC and PAC camps were isolated and poorly equipped.
Which organisation was particularly weakened by the forced exile?
The PAC.
The ___ obtained greater _________ _______, although it was treated with ______ in the Cold War era by many _______ powers that suspected the
organization of _______ sympathies
international support
suspicion
Western powers
Socialist
What made it easier for the MK Guerrillas to enter South Africa?
After the independence of Mozambique and Angola (in 1975), and Zimbabwe (in 1980), it was easier for MK guerrilla groups to enter South Africa.
What were the exiled organisations less significant than?
But the exiled organisations were less significant than the massive increase of internal opposition
within South Africa after the 1976 Soweto uprising and in the 1980s.
Provide an example of an organisation that provided a front within South Africa and what they did to spread the opposition to apartheid.
Organisations such as the United Democratic Front, founded in 1983, provided a front within the country for ANC sympathisers, many of whom had remained in South Africa ‘underground’, working to spread opposition to apartheid in secret.
