(3) The Nazi Rise to Power and the end of the Weimar Republic Flashcards
What was the Deutsche Arbeitpartei (DAP)?
. Just one of the several new parties which emerged at
the end of the First World War.
. In 1919, it had 50 members.
. It was a right-wing party.
Describe Hitler’s involvement in the DAP
. Hitler became angered by some of the comments made
in a speech by a DAP leader.
. He made a powerful speech in reply which impressed
Drexler (the founder of the party).
. Hitler joined the party and realised he was good at
public speaking.
What were the themes of Hitler’s speeches?
. The Dolchstoss (stab in the back) theory.
. Disgust at the Treaty of Versailles.
. Saw communists and the Jews as the enemy.
. Hatred of the Weimar and November Criminals.
What was the 25 point programme?
. A political manifesto which Hitler and Drexler had
produced.
. Hitler stuck to it for the rest of his life.
. It contained all his political views.
When was the 25 point programme published?
February 1920
When did Hitler become the leader of the NSDAP?
. July 1921
. He had the title “Fuhrer” (leader), but the word gradually
developed to have a larger meaning.
When Hitler became leader of the Nazi party, what changes did he make?
. Invented the swastika as the emblem of the party.
. Encouraged the use of the raised arm salute.
. To protect meetings, the SA was formed.
What was the German word for the SA and what were they known as?
. Sturmabteilung
. Known as the “brownshirts” because of the colour of their
uniform.
What was the growth of the Nazi party from 1920 to 1923?
. In 1920, there were 1,100 and in 1923, there were around
55,000 members.
What was the Munich Putsch?
. 8 November 1923, Hitler tried to overthrow Government. . It was led by Hitler and the Nazis. . They lost as Hitler was arrested. . 16 Nazis and 4 police men were killed. . The Nazi was party was later banned.
What were the reasons for the Munich Putsch?
. Hitler hated the Weimar Republic.
. Germans blamed the constitution for hyperinflation.
. Hitler thought the Nazis would join him.
. Nazis had increased their support.
. The SA would be used as armed support.
. Weimar Republic were blamed for the Ruhr.
What were the key ideas of Mein Kampf?
. Abolition of the Treaty of Versailles.
. All problems in German society were caused by Jews.
. Gain Lebensraum (living space).
. Creation of Volksgemeinschaft (people’s community) - the
strong would dominate the weak.
What happened to the Nazi Party when Hitler was in prison?
. Party was banned but had survived secretly.
. The Nazi party had declined.
When was the Bamberg Conference?
1926
What was the Bamberg Conference?
. Hitler strengthened his position as leader of the party.
. Opponents were removed - e.g. Röhm was forced to
resign from leader of the SA because Hitler couldn’t trust
him.
How many members in 1925 compared to 1928?
In 1925 there were only 27,000 members compared to in 1928 when there was over 100,000
When was the Wall Street Crash?
1929
How did the Wall Street Crash affect the German society?
. Unemployment had risen greatly.
. Farmers experienced economic problems.
. People looked to the polititcal parties for help - the Nazis
gained members as a result.
What happened in the election of 1930?
. The Nazis had won 107 seats and became the second
biggest party in Germany.
. Brüning, the new chancellor, became too dependent on
the President and it was seen as the end
of the Weimar Republic.
Why did the Nazis become so popular after the Great Depression?
. They were a solution to everyone’s problems.
. People feared a communist uprising.
. Hitler had used propaganda throughout the whole of
Germany.
. They had financial support from industrialists.
What was the role of the SA?
. It was Hitler’s private army - the Sturmabeitlung.
. It provided protection for the meetings and also
disrupted
the meetings of other political parties.
. Ernst Rohm was leader in 1931 and within a year its
membership had increased by 100,000.
Describe the July election of 1932
. There was much violence leading up to the election of
July 1932 - 100 people were killed.
. The Nazis had won 230 seats and were now the largest
party in Germany.
. Hitler demanded he was chancellor but wasn’t given the
position.
Describe the November election of 1932
. Von Papen believed that the Nazis would lose their
momentum on the next election and he was correct.
. The Nazis had lost seats but were still the largest party and Von Papen couldn’t secure a majority.
. Von Papen resigned and was succeeded by von
Schleicher.
What happened in early January 1933?
. Von Papen met with Hitler because he wanted to regain
power.
. They decided that Hitler would lead a Nazi-Nationalist
government.
. Von Papen and Hitler were very popular to the army, and
leaders of industry.
