3 Review Q's Nervous system and senses MT Flashcards
What is the space between two neurons or between a neuron and a receptor organ is known as?
synapse
What is the white protective covering over some parts of the spinal cord and the axon of most peripheral nerves?
myelin sheath
What are the root-like structures of a nerve that receive impulses and conduct them to the cell body?
dendrites
what is the layer of the meninges that is located nearest to the brain and spinal cord?
pia mater
Seven vital body functions are regulated by?
hypothalamus
which nerves are the division of the autonomic nervous system that prepare the body for emergencies and stress?
sympathetic nerves
what is a network of intersecting nerves called?
plexus
cranial nerves are part of which division of the nervous system?
peripheral
what relays sensory stimuli from the spinal cord and midbrain to the cerebral cortex?
thalamus
which neurons carry impulses away from the brain and spinal cord
efferent neurons
what connects the brain and spinal cord?
brainstem
what coordinates muscular activity?
cerebellum
what controls basic survival functions?
medulla oblongata
what is the uppermost layer of the brain?
cerebrum
what do you call a physician who specializes in administering anesthetic agents?
anesthesiologist
what is a profound state of unconsciousness marked by an absence of spontaneous eye movements, no response to painful stimuli, and the lack of speech?
coma
what kind of drug is also known as a tranquilizer?
anxiolytic
what is a sensory perception that has no basis in external stimulation?
hallucination
what is an excessive fear of heights?
acrophobia
what is an acute condition that is characterized by confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking and memory, agitation, and hallucination?
delirium
what is the term meaning inflammation of the spinal cord or inflammation of bone marrow?
myelitis
what is the term meaning an abnormal fear of being in small or enclosed spaces?
claustrophobia
what condition is characterized by severe lightning-like pain due to an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve?
trigeminal neuralgia
what is the medical term for the condition known as a developmental reading disorder?
dyslexia
what is the bruising of brain tissue as the result of a head injury?
cerebral contusion
what are mental conditions characterized by excessive, irrational dread or fear that is out of proportion to the real danger in a situation?
anxiety disorders
what is a low-grade chronic depression with symptoms that are milder than those of severe depression but are present on a majority of days for two or more years?
dysthymia
what is the structure that maintains the shape of the eye and protects the delicate inner layers of tissue?
sclera
what is the snail-shaped structure of the inner ear?
cochlea
what is known as the blind spot of the eye?
optic disc
what lies between the outer ear and the middle ear?
tympanic membrane
what separates the middle ear from the inner ear?
oval window
what is the auditory ossicle, also known as the anvil, also called?
incus
what term refers to the common changes in the eyes that occur with aging?
presbyopia
what is it called when a laser is used to repair a detached retina?
retinopexy
what is the inward turning of the edge of the eyelid called?
entropion
what is inflammation of the middle ear also called?
otitis media
what is the unit of measurement of a lens’s refractive power?
diopter
what is the term meaning bleeding from the ears?
otorrhagia
what is the surgical incision of the eardrum to create an opening for the placement of ear tubes?
myringotomy
what is diagnosed using a visual field test to determine losses in peripheral vision?
glaucoma
what is inflammation of the uvea, causing swelling and irritation called?
uveitis
what leads from the middle ear to the nasal cavity and the throat?
Eustachian tube
what is secreted by glands that line the external auditory canal?
cerumen or earwax
what is the condition in which the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea?
astigmatism
what is inflammation of the labyrinth that can result in vertigo and deafness?
labyrinthitis
what is used to measure visual acuity?
Snellen chart
what does a radial keratotomy performed treat?
myopia
what is the condition in which the pupils are unequal in size ?
anisocoria
what is performed in preparation for the placement of a cochlear implant?
mastoidectomy
what is also known as a stye?
hordeolum
what is the medical term for the condition commonly known as swimmer’s ear?
otomycosis
what is the ability of the lens to bend light rays so they focus on the retina?
refraction
what is a sense of whirling, dizziness, and the loss of balance?
vertigo
What is a specialist in measuring the accuracy of vision?
optometrist
what is the inflammation of the cornea that can be due to many causes, including bacterial, viral, or fungal infections?
keratitis
what is the medical term for color blindness?
monochromatism
what is the ringing of the ears called?
tinnitus
what is swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of entrance into the eye through the optic disk?
papilledema (choked disk)
what is the angle where the upper and lower eyelids meet?
canthus
what is the term that describes any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina?
ametropia
what is the presence of what appear to be flashes of light known as?
photopsia
