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Optometric Procedures > 3 - Pupil Evaluation (Exam 1) > Flashcards

3 - Pupil Evaluation (Exam 1) Flashcards

1
Q

The iris sphincter is innervated by what portion of the autonomic nervous system?

A

Parasympathetic

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2
Q

The iris dilator is innervated by what portion of the autonomic nervous system?

A

Sympathetic

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3
Q

What is a direct response to light?

A

Pupil constricts in the eye being stimulated by light

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4
Q

What is a consensual response to light?

A

Pupil constricts in the eye opposite the eye being stimulated by light

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5
Q

What is the expectation for normal direct and consensual responses to light?

A

Equal constriction

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6
Q

What is the normal, expected pupil size of a patient?

A

3-4 mm

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7
Q

Does pupil size increase or decrease with age?

A

Decreases with age

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8
Q

For a sympathetic paresis, where will anisocoria be greatest and why?

A

In dim illumination

eye will not dilate properly

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9
Q

For a parasympathetic paresis, where will anisocoria be greatest and why?

A

In bright illumination

eye is unable to constrict properly

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10
Q

What pupil pathway is tested in RAPD testing?

A

Afferent pupil pathway

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11
Q

What is RAPD most typically associated with?

A

Unilateral optic nerve damage

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12
Q

What is another name for RAPD?

A

Marcus-Gunn pupil

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13
Q

What does RAPD cause?

A

Diminished direct response to light in the affected eye

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14
Q

What does RAPD testing compare?

A

Direct and consensual light responses of the same eye

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15
Q

What test is used to test for RAPD?

A

Swinging flashlight test

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16
Q

Why would a reverse/indirect RAPD test be used?

A 
If pupil is fixed and unable to move
May be due to:
Synechiae
Paresis
Drugs
17
Q

What is a reverse/indirect RAPD test based on?

A

The unaffected eye’s pupil reaction

18
Q

What are 2 additional ways to test for RAPD?

A
  1. Brightness comparison test

2. Red desaturation test

Optometric Procedures (6 decks)

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