3. Processes as Resource Consumers

Question 1

Process

Answer 1

• A program in execution on a system
• A sequence of instructions along with the state of the memory

Question 2

Multiprogramming

Answer 2

• Multiple processes sharing the same set of resources
• Interleaved without any overlap

Question 3

Multiprogramming Level (MPL)

Answer 3

• The number of processes sharing resources
• Increasing the MPL increases utilization and throughput

Question 4

Multiprocessing

Answer 4

• The overlapped concurrent execution of programs

Question 5

Blocked Process

Answer 5

• A process that is stopped because it is waiting for an event

Question 6

Macro-Phases of a Process

Answer 6

1. Consume some resource (CPU)
2. Request/wait for an external service/event
3. Do nothing until external service is done (blocked)
4. Repeat

Question 7

Suspended Process

Answer 7

• A process that cannot be executed because it is swapped out of the main memory

Question 8

Thread

Answer 8

• An independent execution of a function within a process (enabling concurrency)

Question 9

State of a System

Answer 9

• The state of a bunch of queues, each of which has processes that are waiting for the services of the queue manager