#3 Plant Cells & Hormones

Question 1

1665

Answer 1

Robert Hook uses light microscope and discovers tree bark is made up of tiny parts he calls “cells”

Question 2

Cell Membrane

Answer 2

Both plants and animal cells have [blank]. Allows what is in and out of cell

Question 3

Ribosomes

Answer 3

Granules in cells. Protein. Lots of responsibilities. Ex: Immunity from disease, transporting nutrients

Question 4

Eukaryotic

Answer 4

Plants and animals are [blank]. Cells have organelles, small little organs

Question 5

Prokaryotic

Answer 5

Bacteria, lack organelles, inside like a junk drawer.

Question 6

Nucleus

Answer 6

DNA storage, tells cell what to do

Question 7

Mitochondria

Answer 7

Kidney bean shape. Does cellular respiration, the processing of chemical energy (from sunlight) to energy molecules to function

Question 8

Chloroplast

Answer 8

Organelle that converts CO2 into sugars from sun energy

Question 9

Vacuole

Answer 9

Fluid filled, maintain pressure to stop wilting.
>Sometimes takes up to 90% of cell.
>Helps cell grow.
>Stores proteins and sugars.
>Contain color pigments

Question 10

Cell Wall

Answer 10

> Made of cellulose.
Carbon molecule.
Influences how plants grow
Usually stays close to parent cell

Question 11

Plasmodesmata

Answer 11

The tiny channels that allow cells to communicate.

Question 12

Hormones

Answer 12

> Chemical signals that regulate growth and metabolism.
Talk to each other to regulate growth

Question 13

Ethylene

Answer 13

Only plant hormone that’s a gas. Ppl have been using it a long time.
Ex: Fig harvesters cut under ripe figs in Ancient Egypt

Question 14

1890

Answer 14

Dimitry Neljubov, Russian plant physiologist. Found out ethylne is a ripening agent.
>Put pea seedlings by gas lamps, ethylne kept plants cells from expanding.
>Took scientists decades to discover it’s a hormone in plants

Question 15

Abscisic Acid

Answer 15

Helps seeds stay dormant until they land in a good spot to start growing.

Question 16

Gibberellins

Answer 16

Seeds alarm clock, tells it to start growing

Question 17

Cytokinins

Answer 17

Stimulate cell division

Question 18

Auxin

Answer 18

> Plant hormone that regulates plant growth throughout life.
Tells plant which part will be what.
Helps form vascular tissue
Helps plant know how to react to light, gravity, and touch

Question 19

Cell Theory

Answer 19

Cells are building blocks of life. Organisms are made up of millions of individual special cells that work together to coordinate activities within the organism

Question 20

Organismal Theory

Answer 20

Believes whole organism is what matters most. Merely subdivided into cells.
>”It is the plant that forms cells, not the cell that forms plants.” Anton de Bary (German Botanist)