3. PEACE Model - Application

Question 1

Steps

Answer 1

Step 1: Planning and preparation
Step 2: Engage and explain
Step 3: Account – clarification, challenge
Step 4: Closure
Step 5: Evaluation

Question 2

Planning & Preparation (6 things)

Answer 2

• Plot events on a timeline for information retention
• What is known about interviewee and what needs to be established
• Points to prove, facts in issue
• Practical issues (e.g. where, when, how…..)
• Aims and objectives
• Written plan

Question 3

Engage & Explain (IMPORTANT TO REMEMBER) (5 things)

Answer 3

• Engage in a conversation
• First impressions
• Explain purpose of the interview
• Reason, routines (e.g. recording of interview, nodding/shaking head is verbalised), outline, expectations
• Assess needs

Question 4

Account… Clarification & Challenge (IMPORTANT TO REMEMBER) (11 things)

Answer 4

• Uninterrupted Account
• High use of open questions, summaries
• Expanding and Clarify the Account
• Question Loop…Open, Probe, Summarise as appropriate, Link
• Done chronologically, methodically
• Locks person down into their account
• Clarification & Challenge
• Challenging the inconsistencies & contradictions
• Use the words of the interviewee, words of others and contradictory information/evidence
• Non accusatorial
• Ask interviewee to explain the differences between their account and the evidence

Question 5

Closure (6 things)

Answer 5

• Summarise account for mutual understanding
• All areas sufficiently covered?
• Explain future activities
• Facilitate positive attitude of accurate and reliable information
• Review needs of interviewee
• Maintain professional style

Question 6

Evaluation (6 things)

Answer 6

• Evaluate information obtained
• Aims and objectives reached?
• Re-evaluate evidence in investigation
• Evaluate own performance
• Evaluated by supervisor/advisor
• Needed for personal development

Question 7

What does it LOOK like

Answer 7

Question 8

Research – Home office report by Clarke & Milne (2001)

What 3 things did they find?

Answer 8

• The report identified little difference between PEACE trained officers and non-trained officers in suspect interviews – possibly due to general improvements in Police interviews.
• Witness interviews have not adapted PEACE principals (uninterrupted account and CI features) and may be missing key details.
• Better training required – possibly delivered By Police Officers as they may be taken more seriously