3. Managing Hazards

Question 1

What is community resilience?

Answer 1

Sustained ability of a community to utilise available resources to respond to, withstand and recover from the effects of natural hazards.

Question 2

What is integrated risk management?

Answer 2

Incorporates identification of hazard, analysis of risks, establishing priorities, treating the risk and implementing a risk reduction plan, developing awareness and a communication strategy, and monitoring and reviewing the whole process.

Question 3

Community preparedness (aim to reduce loss of life + property damage through):

Answer 3

• public education and awareness programmes
• evacuation procedures
• provision of emergency medical and food supplies
• provision of shelters

Question 4

What is hazard management?

Answer 4

A process where governments and other organisations work together to protect people.

Question 5

What are the aims of hazard management?

Answer 5

• to avoid or reduce loss of life and property
• provide help
• ensure a rapid recovery

Question 6

What does the Park model show?

Answer 6

The model shows how a country or region might respond after a hazard event. It can be used to directly compare how areas of different levels of development might recover from an event.

Question 7

What are the differences in the Park model?

Answer 7

• Magnitude of the hazard event
• Timing of the event e.g. rapid onset compared to slow onset
• Level of development of the country
• Amount of aid received

Question 8

What are the strengths of the Park Model?

Answer 8

+ can be used to analyse different types of response and the sequence in which they happen

+ useful to compare the impacts and responses between hazards, countries etc

+ helps to deepen understanding of responses and why some countries are better able to respond

+Park’s model can help authorities to plan responses needed at each stage

Question 9

What are the criticisms of the Park Model?

Answer 9

• Doesn’t take into account levels of development in a country and the capacity to cope with hazards
• It’s too generalised to take into account factors such as the magnitude and frequency of hazards and how they affect the ability of people to respond to and manage hazards
• Further hazards may disrupt the recovery phase
• Doesn’t account for secondary effects
• Doesn’t take into account spatial variations