3. Let's get physical! Flashcards

1
Q

The World Health Organisation (2010) guidelines for physical activity recommend that adults aged between

A

18-64 years old should engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity each week or 75 minutes of high-intensity physical activity

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2
Q

almost ____ of the adult Australian population are not meeting these guidelines

A

45 percent

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3
Q

increased cardiovascular exercise and strength training has been found to significantly reduce

A

depressive symptoms (Paluska & Schwenk, 2000

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4
Q

There is also evidence that physical exercise can help with symptoms of

A

anxiety, such that the effects appear to match those of meditation and relaxation.

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5
Q

It also appears that acute anxiety responds better to physical activity

A

than chronic anxiety

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6
Q

A meta-analysis of meta-analyses!) of 92 papers examining the effect of physical activity on depression and anxiety in non-clinical populations, Rebar et al. (2015) found a moderate effect of physical activity in reducing

A

depression and a small effect of physical activity in reducing anxiety.

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7
Q

a recent longitudinal study by Hiles, Lamers, Milaneschi, and Penninx (2017) explored the potential bi-directional relationship between depression, anxiety, and physical activity and found that

A

there did appear to be a mutually reinforcing relationship

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8
Q

The underlying mechanisms by which physical activity effects psychological well-being are

A

not well understood in the literature

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9
Q

Wilson and Dishman (2015) conducted a meta-analysis on the role of personality traits in physical activity and found that

A

traits that lower extraversion and conscientiousness, as well as higher neuroticism, were associated with lower physical activity

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10
Q

social-psychological explanations have argued that physical activity may improve psychological well-being through increasing

A

self-efficacy and/or resilience and strengthening social networks

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11
Q

meta-analyses showing that greater levels of physical activity can reduce the risk of dementia by

A

28% and Alzheimer’s disease by 45%

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12
Q

Within some countries, particularly in lower socioeconomic-status data-collection sites, research has shown a preference for

A

heavier bodies (Swami et al., 2010

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13
Q

Eating disorders now appear to be rising in other world regions, such as

A

Asia and the Middle East, and among Hispanic and African Americans in North America

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14
Q

internet trend referred to as “thinspiration” has given way to a newer trend of

A

“Fitsperation” where images of bodies and information are shared to motivate and inspire body image goals

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15
Q

thinspiration

A

all about losing weight and the promotion of disordered eating

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16
Q

fitspiration

A

aspires to promote healthy eating and exercise

17
Q

Studies have found that exposure to fitspiration can lead to

A

negative mood, body dissatisfaction, and lower appearance-based self-esteem

18
Q

Holland and Tiggermann (2017) found that women who regularly posted “fitspiration”were at greater risk for

A

eating disorders and compulsive exercise compared to those who regularly posted travel images

19
Q

Sherlock and Wagstaff (2018) found that viewing beauty and fitness images was associated with

A

decreased ratings of attractiveness in a sample of 129 women and further, that the magnitude of this decrease was associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety, low self-esteem, and body dissatisfaction

20
Q

Considered collectively, it does appear that there is a negative relationship between both

A

thinspiration and fitspiration imagery in females and mental health

21
Q
A