3. Henry VIII life Flashcards
When did Henry become King?
1509.
What is a Renaissance Prince?
A Renaissance Man is a learned person. Someone that takes an interest in language, arts and new ideas.
What is a Machiavellian Prince?
A Machiavellian Prince is someone that does what is necessary to gain power. This might include lying to others and betraying friends.
What was Henry’s Great Matter?
That Henry needed a divorce
Name Henry VIII’s wives
- Catherine of Aaragon
- Anne Boleyn
- Jane Seymour
- Anne of Cleves
- Kathryn Howard
- Catherine Parr
What happened to each of Henry VIII’s wives?
- Catherine of Aaragon - divorced
- Anne Boleyn - beheaded
- Jane Seymour - died
- Anne of Cleves - divorced
- Kathryn Howard - beheaded
- Catherine Parr - survived.
What biblical argument did Henry VIII make in order to try and annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon?
’ If a man shall take his brother’s wife, it is an impurity; he hath uncovered his brother’s nakedness; they shall be childless’
This meant that marrying Catherine of Aaragon was wrong in the eyes of God was because he married her after his brother, Arthur had died.
Who influenced Henry VIII into looking into Protestantism in order to divorce Catherine of Aragon?
Thomas Cranmer and Thomas Cromwell
When was the Act of Supremacy signed?
1534
What is the Act of Supremacy?
It recognised Henry as the ‘Supreme Head of the Church of England’. It formally ended his relationship with the Pope and Catholicism.
Who did Henry have an illegitimate son with?
Elizabeth Blount
What arguments did Henry have for breaking away from the Catholic Church?
- Economic reasons - Henry was short of money because of expensive wars and so could sell of old churches if they no longer had an influence in England. They paid taxes to Rome and Henry could have used that money in England.
- Religious - There was a growing movement in Protestantism. Henry may have thought the Catholics were being greedy with their taxes on countries. Their actions did not match with the teachings of the Church
- Political - Henry wanted a divorce so that he could marry Anne Boleyn so he could have an heir. He also knew that being the head of the Church of England would improve his influence and power. The Church owned 1/4 of all the land in England which Henry could not control.
- Henry had fallen in love with Anne Boleyn. It was not that she was pregnant but he had a genuine connection with her but was unable to marry her because the Pope refused to grant him an annulment.
Explain how and why Henry dissolved the monasteries
In August 1535, Thomas Cromwell sent out a team of officials to investigate what was happening in the monasteries.
They came back with allegations that the monasteries were filled with monks that were flaunting money, marrying or having sex, wearing lavish clothes and sleeping in instead of doing their work.
As a result - they were shut down, the smaller ones first and then the larger ones so that by 1539, there were no monasteries left in England and Henry made an additional £140,000 through rents and land sales.
What was the Pilgrimage of Grace?
Robert Aske led a rebellion called the Pilgrimage of Grace in 1536 in direct response to the dissolution of the monasteries.
Henry promised to pardon the protesters. He broke this promise and had the leaders executed. In 1537, Aske himself was hung, drawn and quartered.
