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Case Analysis > 3: Health History > Flashcards

3: Health History Flashcards

1
Q

10 questions for glaucoma patient

A
  1. what type?
  2. drops?
  3. when was last drop?
  4. first diagnosed?
  5. compliance?
  6. side effects?
  7. surgeries?
  8. records?
  9. last time seen?
  10. stability/control?
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2
Q

possible ocular results of: hypertension

A

hypertension retinopathy, CRVO, BRVO, CRAO, Macular Degeneration, Macroanuerysm, sub-conj heme

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3
Q

possible ocular results of: hypotension

A

low tension glaucoma

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4
Q

possible ocular results of: high cholesterol

A

lipemia retinalis, CRAO, BRAO, Ocular ischemic syndrome, corneal arcus, xanthelasma

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5
Q

what is lipemia retinalis?

A

when blood turns salmon orange color from too high cholesterol

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6
Q

what is ocular ischemia syndrome?

A

carotid blockage on one side from high cholesterol

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7
Q

what is xanthelasma?

A

cholesterol plaques in eyelids

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8
Q

CRVO is caused most commonly by:

A

hypertension

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9
Q

CRAO is characterized by:

A

classic cherry red spot from normal macula but blockage and lack of blood coming into posterior pole

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10
Q

possible ocular results of: diabetes type I/II

A

diabetic retinopathy, macroaneurysm, CRVO, BRVO, neovascular glaucoma

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11
Q

possible ocular results of: hyperthyroidism (specifically Grave’s disease)

A

proptosis, optic nerve compression, dry eyes, EOM restriction

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12
Q

possible ocular results of: chronic alcoholism

A

toxic optic neuropathy (pallor and unhealthy nerve)

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13
Q

possible ocular results of: hepatitis

A

retinopathy

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14
Q

possible ocular results of: vitamin A deficiency

A

night blindness, bitot’s spots, conjunctival xerosis, dry eye?

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15
Q

possible ocular results of: albinism

abnormal melanin production

A

nystagmus, foveal hypoplasia, iris transillumination defects, abnormal crossing of optic nerve fibers

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16
Q

what is foveal hypoplasia?

A

underdeveloped fovea resulting from albinism

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17
Q

what is Fabry’s disease?

A

sphingolipidosis and abnormal metabolism of lipids

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18
Q

possible ocular results of: Fabry’s disease

A

vortex/whirl keratopathy

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19
Q

possible ocular results of: Gout

A

iritis, band keratopathy

b/c calcium builds up across cornea

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20
Q

possible ocular results of: Marfan’s syndrome

A

ectopia lentitis, glaucoma

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21
Q

what is Marfan’s syndrome?

A

abnormal fibrillin

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22
Q

what is ectopia lentis?

A

dislocation of the lens “up and out” seen in Marfan’s syndrome

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23
Q

possible ocular results of: osteogenesis imperfecta

A

blue sclera

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24
Q

possible ocular results of: Wilson’s disease

A

kayser-fleischer ring (brown copper arcus)

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25
what is Wilson's disease?
can't metabolize copper
26
what causes Myasthenia gravis?
antibodies block acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction
27
possible ocular results of: Myasthenia gravis?
ptosis, EOM fatigue
28
what is Alport's syndrome?
genetic condition that leads to end stage kidney disease
29
possible ocular results of: Alport's syndrome?
macular flecks, PSC, lenticonus
30
possible ocular results of: Wilm's tumor
aniridia
31
what cancers are more likely to metastasize to the eyes?
breast and lung cancers
32
possible ocular results of: Leukemia
Roth spots in retina
33
what are roth spots?
retinal hemorrhage spots with white centers caused by Leukemia
34
possible ocular results of: Lymphoma
conjunctival lymphoma, intraocular lymphoma
35
possible ocular results of: familial adenomatous polyposis
CHRPE (specific type related to genetic colon cancer)
36
possible ocular results of: sickle cell anemia
retinopathy, angioid streaks
37
what are angioid streaks?
lines that radiate around the optic nerve, breaks in brook's membrane where blood vessels from choroid came into retina
38
what is a nevus of ota ?
dermal and ocular melanocytosis, increased blueish pigment, CN 5 involvement
39
possible ocular results of: | Nevus of Ota
glaucoma, ocular melanoma
40
what is pseudoxanthoma elasticum?
degeneration of elastic fibers
41
possible ocular results of: | Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum
angoid streaks
42
possible ocular results of: | Psioriasis
uveitis
43
possible ocular results of: | Ankylosing Spondylitis
uveitis
44
possible ocular results of: | Rheumatoid Arthritis
dry eyes, uveitis, vasculitis
45
possible ocular results of: | Sarcoidosis
uveitis
46
possible ocular results of: | Lupus
uveitis
47
possible ocular results of: | Temporal Arteritis
CRAO, BRAO, A-AION
48
possible ocular results of: | Herpes Simplex
dendritis, uveitis, acute retinal necrosis, progressive outer retinal necrosis, episcleritis, scleritis
49
possible ocular results of: | Herpes Zoster
psuedo-dendrites, uveitis, acute retinal necrosis, episcleritis, scleritis
50
possible ocular results of: | HIV
retinopathy
51
possible ocular results of: | gonorrhea
conjunctivitis, ulcer
52
possible ocular results of: | lyme disease
conjunctivitis, episcleritis, scleritis
53
possible ocular results of: | TB
phylectenule, uveitis, episcleritis, scleritis
54
possible ocular results of: | Syphillis
salt and pepper retinopathy, argyll-robertson pupil, uveitis
55
possible ocular results of: | Chlamydia
conjunctivitis, uveitis
56
possible ocular results of: | Toxoplasmosis
uveitis
57
possible ocular results of: | Candida
uveitis
58
possible ocular results of: | histoplasmosis
uveitis
59
possible ocular results of: | toxocarisis
uveitis
60
possible ocular results of: | Parkinson's
dry eyes
61
possible ocular results of: | Alzheimer's
glaucoma
62
possible ocular results of: | Multiple Sclerosis
optic neuritis
63
possible ocular results of: | Pituitary adenoma
optic nerve pallor, bitemporal hemanopsia, junctional scotoma
64
possible ocular results of: | parietal, temporal, or occipital lobe tumor
visual field defect
65
8 questions to ask a diabetic patient
1. duration? onset? 2. type? 3. FBS? 4. HbA1c? 5. diabetic retinopathy? 6. PCP? 7. meds/compliance? 8. last eye exam?
66
what are some of the most important ocular family histories to ask because of genetics?
- congenital ocular diseases (retinitis pigmentosa, albinism) - color vision deficiency - macular degeneration - glaucoma

Case Analysis (4 decks)

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