3 Diagnosis Of Early Pregnancy and advanced Flashcards
Early pregnancy is from ?
0-12 weeks
name a few clinical signs ?
Secondary amenorrhea (absence of period for 3 months)
Breast tenderness and engorgement caused by estrogen and progesterone stim mammary glands.
Nausea and vomitting known as emesis gravidaarum usually resolves by 12 weeks otherwise its hyperemesis gravidaarum
urinary frequency increase
chadwicks sign , goodells sign ,
What is secondary amenorrhea ?
Its the absence of menstrual cycle periods for 3 months in women who have regular cycles or 6 months in women who have irregular cycles
High hcg serum or urine levels indicate what ?
Trophoblastic activity it could be normal pregnancy or Chorio carcinoma ( the cells that become placenta is cancerous) or could be molar pregnancy
When does lung maturity occur, and how is it managed in preterm labor?
• Surfactant Production: Begins at 13 weeks gestation; lungs reach full maturity by ~36 weeks sometimes 37
• Dexamethasone Protocol: Administer 12 mg IM every 12 hours for 2 doses to promote surfactant production and enhance fetal lung maturity in preterm labor.
Function of surfactant ?
A surfactant in the lung is a substance made of lipids and proteins that reduces surface tension in the alveoli (tiny air sacs in the lungs).
Which type of cells produce surfactants in the lungs ?
Surfactant is produced by type II alveolar cells in the lungs.
Why do we induce labor if we have fetal death?
Labour induction is done to prevent disseminated intravascular coagulation because they are thromboplastin released from the dead tissue from the fetus into the maternal bloodstream and they have a direct effect on the coagulation system of the Mother
What is the spalding sign ?
The Spalding sign is a radiological sign indicating fetal death. It refers to the overlapping of the fetal skull bones, caused by the collapse of the cranial structure due to loss of intracranial pressure. It is typically observed on ultrasound a few days after fetal death.
