3. Development and Decision Making Flashcards
What are the primary objectives in system design (3)?
- initiation of creative processes
- find all necessary elements
- assuring the design has appropriate effects on the environment and society
’ Vision and mission’ for system development
- vision: how to make a tangible system and the organisation that requires
- mission: lays down objectives and strategies for the system development process
Market analysis
Analysis which attempts to estimate the potential benefits of system development and its influence on the organisation and the potential market
MISSION + VISION + MARKET ANALYSIS =
SCOPING - the scope of the system or the product
Examples of methods for ‘Market analysis’ and ‘System development’ (2):
- business case
- design drivers
Types of customer needs (6):
- direct needs
- latent need
- constant needs
- variable needs
- general needs
- niche needs
Direct needs
the needs which customers explicitly declare
Latent needs
the needs which customers consider to be implied
Constant needs
the needs which are intrinsic to a product
Variable needs
needs that emerge as a result of an upgrade of the product
General needs
essential needs which a product must fulfil in a given operating environment
Niche needs
needs that emerge out of an exclusive customer segment
Customer need model (4)
- to prioritise the needs
- needs are represented in a range of targets
- governed by probability distribution
- must satisfy the clusters of high probability
Methods to gather ‘needs’ (4)
- interviews
- questionnaires
- focus groups
- be the customer
What is the definition of affinity diagrams?
‘a group decision-making’ technique designed to sort a large number of ideas, concepts and opinions into naturally related groups’
What is the purpose of affinity diagrams?
to sort a list of ideas into groups
What are the stages when conducting an affinity sort? (6)
- conduct a brainstorming session
- clarify a list of ideas
- randomly lay out cards on a table
- sort cards into similar groups without talking
- create a header that unifies the group
- discuss
Subtract and operate technique
- decide the sequence of disassembly
- remove component in the order in which they can be disassembled in one-by-one manner
- operate the system and note the loss of sub function
What are the steps for Quality Function Deployment? (5)
- benchmark various products
- evaluate the targeted requirements
- find the weakly satisfied customer needs
- find their dependence or interrelationships
- determine what product changes can be made
What does TRIZ stand for?
theory of inventive problem solving
What are the two basic principles of TRIZ?
- somebody, someplace has already solved your problem. Creativity means finding that solution and adapting it.
- Don’t accept compromises, eliminate them
