3 Database Administration Flashcards by M N

Name the three different components of the ServiceNow Database and their definition:

Tables
- structure/component which contains records

Records (row)
- data stored on tables which contains fields

Fields (corresponds to a column on a table)
- individual pieces of data within a record

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Where can you find information about every table and field in ServiceNow?

System Definition > Dictionary

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Every field has three key attributes, name these:

Field Label
- user-friendly term, e.g. User ID

Field Name
- system name, e.g. user_id

Value
- actual data

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How can you access tables in ServiceNow?

Dictionary

Tables and columns

Tables

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What is a reference field?

It stores a unique system identifier (sys_id) of a record on another table which is what establishes the reference relationship

(nyckel)

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In what ways can tables be related to each other? (4)

One-to-Many

Many-to-Many

Database views
- plugin

Extensions
- child class contains all fields from parent class (table)

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Name the three one-to-many relationship fields:

Reference Fields
- select a record on a table defined by the reference field

Glide List
- select multiple records on a table defined by the reference field

Document ID Fields
- select a record of any table in the instance

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What is a base table?

A table that is extended but is not extending other tables

e.g. Task table

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What is a child table?

A table that extends another table

every child table is a specialization of its base table or previous child table

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What is a parent table?

A table that is extended by other tables

- possible because it has “Extensible” set as true

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What does the schema Map provide?

What colors are used in the schema map and what does these colors represent?

It provides graphical representation of other tables related to a specific table

yellow is table in focus
tables with blue bars extends table in focus
tables with red bars are tables referenced by table in focus

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What is a custom table?

A table created (not a core table)

Name i prefixed with:

u_ if created in global application
namespace identifier if created in scoped application

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How is a custom table named? (1 + 2)

Based on table label and a prefix:

u_ if created in global application
namespace identifier if created in scoped application

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Which modules can you use to create a new table?

Tables

Tables & Columns

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What is created by default when you create a new table? (2)

Application Menu with the same name as the table Label (e.g. Infinity)

Module with the plural of the table Lable (e.g. Infinities)

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What does CRUD stand for?

Create
Read
Update
Delete

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What three security levels does ServiceNow provide before an end user has the capability to perform CRUD on a table?

User Authentication/Login
- users, groups, roles

User Interface
- application and modules

Database
- tables, governed by global system properties, governed by access control rules

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What is an access control?

At what level can it be set?

A security rule defined to restrict the permissions of a user from viewing and interacting with data (tables)

Row or column level

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Name the three security modules on the Application Navigator often used by the System Admin

System Properties > Security
System Security > Access Control (ACL)
System Security > High Security Settings

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What is the ACL?

Access Control List

- contains a list of the instance’s access control rules

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What is specified in an access control list rule? (3)

The object and operation being secured
The permissions required to access the object
- roles, conditional expressions, scripts
Operation - a valid action the system can take (CRUD)

What happens, with access control in mind, when a table is created?

Four access control rules are created by default, one for each CRUD

A new role is created and associated with these access control rules

In what order are AC rules processed?

Match the object against table ACL rules (most specific to most general)
Match the object against field ACL rules (most specific to most general)
- a user must pass both table and field ACL rules to access a record object

Which elevated role is required to modify access control rules?

security_admin

What type of permissions can be configured in an access control rule? (3)

Roles Conditions Scripts that sets the 'answer' variable to true or false

Which object grants access to all table records?

.None

What is an import set?

A tool used to import data from various data sources and then map that data into ServiceNow tables

What roles are needed to manage all aspects of import sets? (2)

admin import_admin

What are the steps for importing data using an import set? (4)

Load the data Create a transform map Transform the data Clean the import table

What is the Import set table?

A staging area for records imported from a data source

Which option allows you to update existing target table records when importing data from an import set?

Coalasce

What is the Transform Map?

A tool used to determine relationships between fields in an import set and an existing table

What is a Target Table?

An existing table in where the data will be placed, post-transformation

What are the Importing Best Practices? (3)

Understand what data you are bringing in and where it should be placed Remove obsolete data - easier to fix inaccurate data before importing Don't import large chunks of data

What does coalescing a field mean?

When coalescing a field, the field will be used as a unique key during imports

What configurations are possible to use when coalescing data in Import Sets?

No coalesce - all imported rows are treated as new records Single-field coalesce Multiple-field coalesce - all must match Conditional coalesce - script

What happens when a match is found using the coalesce field(s)?

The existing record will be updated with the information being imported

What happens when no match is found using the coalesce field(s)?

A new record will be inserted into the database

What is a Data Policy?

A rule that enforces data consistency by setting fields as mandatory and/or read only (not about security but about integrity of data)

Which tool is used to determine relationships between fields in an import set and an existing table?

Transform Map

What is the CMDB?

The Configuration Management Database - a series of tables and fields that store all of the information about the configuration items (CIs), and their attributes and relationships, controlled by your organization

What roles are required to access the CMDB tables and underlying data?

asset itil itil_admin cmdb_read

What is a configuration item (CI)?

Configuration Item: - tangible (hardware, software, servers etc) or intangible (services, email etc) devices or applications in the CMDB that need to be managed in order to deliver services

Name the three CMDB tables:

Base Configuration Item [cmdb] - base CMDB table for non IT CIs Configuration Item [cmdb_ci] - stores the basic attributes of all the CIs CI Relationship [cmdb_rel_ci] - contains CI relationship data

What does the Configuration Item Form contain?

All relevant attribute data about an item (fields) Information about the relationship between items (related items toolbar)

What are the two views you can toggle between on the Configuration Item Form?

Form View | Health Dashboard View

What are the benefits of having an accurate and up-to-date CDMB?

Locating failed changes and associated incidents Facilitating quick analysis of impact, helping reduce or eliminate downtime

What does the CI Relationship Editor provide?

It uses a concept of suggested relationships to help user see reasonable relationships between CIs

What does the (Configuration Items) Dependency View provide?

It graphically display an infrastructure view for a configuration item and the services that it is part of and that it supports

Which ServiceNow product can be used to populate the CMDB?

Discovery

What are the three Access Control Definition: rule types?

table. None - applies to entire table (set condition read = can read entire table) table. field - applies to the specified field (set condition to read = can read specified field on the table) table. * - applies to every field on e record without a table field rule