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ServiceNow Fundamentals - CSA (2020) > 3 Database Administration > Flashcards

3 Database Administration Flashcards

1
Q

Name the three different components of the ServiceNow Database and their definition:

A

Tables
- structure/component which contains records

Records (row)
- data stored on tables which contains fields

Fields (corresponds to a column on a table)
- individual pieces of data within a record

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2
Q

Where can you find information about every table and field in ServiceNow?

A

System Definition > Dictionary

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3
Q

Every field has three key attributes, name these:

A

Field Label
- user-friendly term, e.g. User ID

Field Name
- system name, e.g. user_id

Value
- actual data

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4
Q

How can you access tables in ServiceNow?

A

Dictionary

Tables and columns

Tables

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5
Q

What is a reference field?

A

It stores a unique system identifier (sys_id) of a record on another table which is what establishes the reference relationship

(nyckel)

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6
Q

In what ways can tables be related to each other? (4)

A

One-to-Many

Many-to-Many

Database views
- plugin

Extensions
- child class contains all fields from parent class (table)
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7
Q

Name the three one-to-many relationship fields:

A

Reference Fields
- select a record on a table defined by the reference field

Glide List
- select multiple records on a table defined by the reference field

Document ID Fields
- select a record of any table in the instance

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8
Q

What is a base table?

A

A table that is extended but is not extending other tables

  • e.g. Task table
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9
Q

What is a child table?

A

A table that extends another table

  • every child table is a specialization of its base table or previous child table
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10
Q

What is a parent table?

A

A table that is extended by other tables

- possible because it has “Extensible” set as true

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11
Q

What does the schema Map provide?

What colors are used in the schema map and what does these colors represent?

A

It provides graphical representation of other tables related to a specific table

  • yellow is table in focus
  • tables with blue bars extends table in focus
  • tables with red bars are tables referenced by table in focus
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12
Q

What is a custom table?

A

A table created (not a core table)

Name i prefixed with:

  • u_ if created in global application
  • namespace identifier if created in scoped application
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13
Q

How is a custom table named? (1 + 2)

A

Based on table label and a prefix:

  • u_ if created in global application
  • namespace identifier if created in scoped application
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14
Q

Which modules can you use to create a new table?

A

Tables

Tables & Columns

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15
Q

What is created by default when you create a new table? (2)

A

Application Menu with the same name as the table Label (e.g. Infinity)

Module with the plural of the table Lable (e.g. Infinities)

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16
Q

What does CRUD stand for?

A

Create
Read
Update
Delete

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17
Q

What three security levels does ServiceNow provide before an end user has the capability to perform CRUD on a table?

A

User Authentication/Login
- users, groups, roles

User Interface
- application and modules

Database
- tables, governed by global system properties, governed by access control rules

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18
Q

What is an access control?

At what level can it be set?

A

A security rule defined to restrict the permissions of a user from viewing and interacting with data (tables)

Row or column level

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19
Q

Name the three security modules on the Application Navigator often used by the System Admin

A

System Properties > Security
System Security > Access Control (ACL)
System Security > High Security Settings

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20
Q

What is the ACL?

A

Access Control List

- contains a list of the instance’s access control rules

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21
Q

What is specified in an access control list rule? (3)

A
  1. The object and operation being secured
  2. The permissions required to access the object
    - roles, conditional expressions, scripts
  3. Operation - a valid action the system can take (CRUD)
22
Q

What happens, with access control in mind, when a table is created?

A

Four access control rules are created by default, one for each CRUD

A new role is created and associated with these access control rules

23
Q

In what order are AC rules processed?

A
  1. Match the object against table ACL rules (most specific to most general)
  2. Match the object against field ACL rules (most specific to most general)
    - a user must pass both table and field ACL rules to access a record object
24
Q

Which elevated role is required to modify access control rules?

A

security_admin

25
Q

What type of permissions can be configured in an access control rule? (3)

A

Roles
Conditions
Scripts that sets the ‘answer’ variable to true or false

26
Q

Which object grants access to all table records?

A

.None

27
Q

What is an import set?

A

A tool used to import data from various data sources and then map that data into ServiceNow tables

28
Q

What roles are needed to manage all aspects of import sets? (2)

A

admin

import_admin

29
Q

What are the steps for importing data using an import set? (4)

A

Load the data

Create a transform map

Transform the data

Clean the import table

30
Q

What is the Import set table?

A

A staging area for records imported from a data source

31
Q

Which option allows you to update existing target table records when importing data from an import set?

A

Coalasce

32
Q

What is the Transform Map?

A

A tool used to determine relationships between fields in an import set and an existing table

33
Q

What is a Target Table?

A

An existing table in where the data will be placed, post-transformation

34
Q

What are the Importing Best Practices? (3)

A

Understand what data you are bringing in and where it should be placed

Remove obsolete data
- easier to fix inaccurate data before importing

Don’t import large chunks of data

35
Q

What does coalescing a field mean?

A

When coalescing a field, the field will be used as a unique key during imports

36
Q

What configurations are possible to use when coalescing data in Import Sets?

A

No coalesce
- all imported rows are treated as new records

Single-field coalesce

Multiple-field coalesce
- all must match

Conditional coalesce
- script

37
Q

What happens when a match is found using the coalesce field(s)?

A

The existing record will be updated with the information being imported

38
Q

What happens when no match is found using the coalesce field(s)?

A

A new record will be inserted into the database

39
Q

What is a Data Policy?

A

A rule that enforces data consistency by setting fields as mandatory and/or read only

(not about security but about integrity of data)

40
Q

Which tool is used to determine relationships between fields in an import set and an existing table?

A

Transform Map

41
Q

What is the CMDB?

A

The Configuration Management Database
- a series of tables and fields that store all of the information about the configuration items (CIs), and their attributes and relationships, controlled by your organization

42
Q

What roles are required to access the CMDB tables and underlying data?

A

asset
itil
itil_admin
cmdb_read

43
Q

What is a configuration item (CI)?

A

Configuration Item:
- tangible (hardware, software, servers etc) or intangible (services, email etc) devices or applications in the CMDB that need to be managed in order to deliver services

44
Q

Name the three CMDB tables:

A

Base Configuration Item [cmdb]
- base CMDB table for non IT CIs

Configuration Item [cmdb_ci]
- stores the basic attributes of all the CIs

CI Relationship [cmdb_rel_ci]
- contains CI relationship data

45
Q

What does the Configuration Item Form contain?

A

All relevant attribute data about an item (fields)

Information about the relationship between items (related items toolbar)

46
Q

What are the two views you can toggle between on the Configuration Item Form?

A

Form View

Health Dashboard View

47
Q

What are the benefits of having an accurate and up-to-date CDMB?

A

Locating failed changes and associated incidents

Facilitating quick analysis of impact, helping reduce or eliminate downtime

48
Q

What does the CI Relationship Editor provide?

A

It uses a concept of suggested relationships to help user see reasonable relationships between CIs

49
Q

What does the (Configuration Items) Dependency View provide?

A

It graphically display an infrastructure view for a configuration item and the services that it is part of and that it supports

50
Q

Which ServiceNow product can be used to populate the CMDB?

A

Discovery

51
Q

What are the three Access Control Definition: rule types?

A

table. None
- applies to entire table (set condition read = can read entire table)

table. field
- applies to the specified field (set condition to read = can read specified field on the table)

table. *
- applies to every field on e record without a table field rule

ServiceNow Fundamentals - CSA (2020) (6 decks)

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