Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

histology > 3. Connective tissue > Flashcards

3. Connective tissue Flashcards

1
Q

what are derived from haematopoetic stem cells?

A 
monocytes 
macrophages 
lymphocytes 
mast cells 
blood cells and others
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

which cells produce elastin

A

fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

name a ‘visibile’ extracellular fibre

A

Reticulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

type V collagen is prevalent in which tissue type

A

placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are derived from undifferentiated mesenchymal cells?

A

fibroblast, fat cells, most cartilage and bone cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

constituents of connective tissue

A

Cells – fibroblasts/cytes, adipose cells
Visible fibres – collagen, elastic, reticulum
Ground substance (hydrophilic jelly) – proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans (GAGS), laminin, fibronectin etc (invisible fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

types of connective tissue

A
  • Fibrous – loose/ dense
  • Hard – cartilage/ bone
  • Fatty – white/brown
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

collagen

A
  • Tropocollagen – triple helix of peptides
  • Fibroblasts – secrete tropocollagen subunits
  • Fibres assembled extra-cellularly
  • More than 20 types
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

types of collagen

A
  • Type I – skin
  • Type II – cartilage
  • Type III – liver, bone marrow, spleen (reticulin)
  • Type IV – basement membranes
  • Type V – placenta
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

collagen fibres

A
  • Extracellular fibres that stain pink with H&E
  • Variable thickness and length, often run in bundles
  • Sometimes confused for muscle fibres that also stain pink (but are intra-cellular)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

loose connective tissue

A

Comprises:
• Widely spaced thin collagen fibres
• Fibroblasts/fibrocytes
• Unstained ground substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

dense connective tissue

A 
Comprises:
•	Closely spaced thick collagen fibres
•	Fibroblasts/fibrocytes 
•	Unstained ground substance
•	May be irregular (top) or regular (bottom)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

reticulum

A
  • Type II collagen
  • Fibrillar collagen
  • Forms a supporting scaffold in many organs: bone marrow, liver, kidney, lymph node, spleen
  • Not visible on H+E – need a silver stain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

elastin

A
  • Elastic tissue contains fine fibres and sheets of elastin
  • Elastin fibres may be branched
  • Produced by fibroblasts
  • Stain pink on H+E
  • Easily confused with smooth muscle cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

white adipose (fatty) tissue

A
  • Large cells with single fat globule in each cell

* Usually appear empty (white) in conventional slides as fat is extracted during processing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

brown adipose (fatty) tissue

A
  • Cells with many globules of fat
  • Found across shoulders and down back off newborn
  • Important in neonatal thermo-regulation (generate heat on breakdown)
17
Q

constituents of cartilage

A
  • Cells (chondroblasts, chondrocytes)
  • Extracellular matrix (glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans)
  • Extracellular fibres (collagen, elastin)
  • Cartilage is always avascular
18
Q

hyaline cartilage

A
  • Found in synovial joints
  • Chondrocytes in lacunae surrounded by a glassy amorphous matrix
  • No visible fibres
  • Perichondrium – fibroblasts and collagen
19
Q

elastic cartilage

A
  • Found in the pinna, epiglottis
  • Visible elastic fibres in matrix
  • Perichondrium – fibroblasts and collagen
20
Q

fibrocartilage

A
  • Found in the annulus fibrosus, pubic symphysis
  • Visible collagen fibres matrix
  • Perichondrium – fibroblasts and collagen
21
Q

synovium

A
  • Lines the inside of the joint capsule
  • 1-4 layers of synovial cells
  • Type A – phagocytes
  • Type B – rich in rER
  • Variable shapes – squamous to cuboidal
  • Richly vascular, highly innervated
22
Q

muscle types

A
  • Visceral (smooth) muscle – arterial wall, wall of intestine, airway of lungs
  • Voluntary (skeletal) muscle – skeletal muscles, larynx, diaphragm
  • Cardiac muscle – heart, base of great vessels
  • Other contractile cells – pericytes, myo-fibroblasts, myo-epithelial cells
23
Q

smooth muscle

A
  • Involuntary muscle
  • Fusiform cells
  • Central nucleus
  • No striations
  • Non-branching
  • Found in walls of blood vessels, tube of intestine and bronchioles of lungs

histology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions