[3] Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Question 1

What is Third Hand Smoke?

Answer 1

Smoke clinging to materials (shirts)

Question 2

Hallmark of COPD

Answer 2

Irreversible Progressive Airflow Limitation

Question 3

What immunologic cells are usually found in Asthma?

Answer 3

Eosinophils

Question 4

Mainstay Agent for Asthma

Answer 4

Inhaled Steroids

Question 5

Mainstay Agent for COPD

Answer 5

Bronchodilators

Question 6

Main Difference of COPD and Asthma

Answer 6

Chronic Airway Inflammation

Question 7

What segments of the lung has the highest airflow limitation?

Answer 7

Segments 5th to 7th generation

Question 8

How do you confirm COPD?

Symptoms
Spirometry
Age

Answer 8

Symptoms:

• Shortness of Breath
• Chronic Cough
• Sputum Production

Spirometry: Post Bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 70%

40 years and above

Question 9

Spirometry Cutoff for Asthma

Answer 9

> 0.75

Question 10

Mild COPD FEV1 Value

Answer 10

> = 80%

Question 11

Is an XRay useful for COPD?

Answer 11

No not really, but it can be useful for other disease

Question 12

5A’s To Help Someone Quit Smoking

Answer 12

Ask
Advise
Assess
Assist
Arrange

Question 13

Inheritance Pattern of Cystic Fibrosis

Answer 13

Autosomal Recessive Gene in CFTR

Question 14

Gold Standard for Cystic Fibrosis Diagnosis

Answer 14

Gibson-Cooke Sweat Test

Question 15

COPD is characterized by:

a. Persistent airflow limitation, progressive, not fully reversible
b. Persistent airflow limitation, non-inflammatory, fully irreversible
c. Persistent airflow limitation, acute, not fully reversible
d. Persistent airflow obstruction, chronic, reversible

Answer 15

A

Question 16

Asthma and COPD are both characterized by ________ but differ from ________

a. Airflow limitation; main inflammatory cells involved
b. Airway hyper-responsiveness; airway inflammation
c. Irreversibility; extent of damage to lung parenchyma
d. Main types of inflammatory cells involved; area of lung affected

(c/o Mark Velasco)

Answer 16

A

Question 17

Diagnosis of COPD is confirmed by ________ and a postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC value of ______ confirms the presence of airflow limitation that is not fully reversible

a. COPD Assessment Test (CAT); 50%
b. Arterial blood gas: 50%
c. Spirometry; 70%
d. mMRC Breathlessness Scale; 70%

(c/o Mark Velasco)

Answer 17

C

Question 18

The following is true in management of COPD patients:

a. Regular physical activity should be encouraged in COPD patients
b. Some existing medications for COPD has already been shown to conclusively modify long-term decline in lung function
c. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations are absolutely contraindicated in COPD patients
d. COPD is not largely preventable and comorbidities should be managed differently

(c/o Mark Velasco)

Answer 18

A

Question 19

True of Reed classification of bronchiecstasis:

a. The Reed classification is more radiological; it’s not that clinically important and does not affect management
b. Cylindrical bronchiecstasis: sections of bronchi are consistently widened
c. Varicose bronchiecstasis: local constrictions and irregular pattern that looks like varicose veins
d. Sacular bronchiecstasis: dilatation increases toward the periphery of lungs; bronchi terminates in cystic or balloon-like structures
e. All of the above

(c/o Mark Velasco)

Answer 19

E

Question 20

True of medical and surgical management of bronchiecstasis EXCEPT:

a. LABA, ICS and nebulized antibiotics should be administered before physiotherapy when airways have more secretions
b. Postural drainage at least once a day and physical exertion aids in mucus clearance
c. Surgical resection is the only curative treatment
d. Lung transplantation is advised if respiratory failure occurs despite optimal medical treatment

(c/o Mark Velasco)

Answer 20

A