3: Carolingian World 750-887 Flashcards
origins of Carolingian Dynasty?
Frankish Noble Famly
1st King: Pippin III the short
a) 751: Pippip elected according to Frankish Custom.Appointed by Archbishop (religion).
b) consolidated position by 750 by deporting last merovingians. Also aided Pope who then personally appointed him as king
who wasCharlemagne, what did he do?
Son of Pippin III,
- Extended Frankish power through conquest of all of Gaul even into Italy and Germany.
- In 774 made alliance with Papacy and created Papal state in central Italy. In 800 he was announced emperor of restored Roman Empire
- Charlemagne united Europe given name “father of Europe”
List 4 military campaigns used by Charlemagne to consolidate rule
Italy 774: Conquered the Lombard Kingdom (italy)
- led to development of central state/emperor
- Saxon wars 770/80s: Long and Bloody against Saxon tribes. (north france)
- Bavaria 788 western France/Italy against duke tasillo of bavaria
- Avers 791: Germanic people in East of Charles Demain. Defended Christendom from muslims so gained authority
b) example of how Charlemagne utilised politics?
b) politics: Charlemagne plundered Avar Treasure during conquest and used it to enhance “carolingian Prestige by lavishly distributing gifts from the Lavar treasure hoards to his neighbors such as king Offa of Mercia and the Church” The carolingian world
c) converting: Lex saxonum 782-803, set of laws to subdue saxons. Was a compromie between customs of pagans and established laws of Frankish empire. First llaw: death to offences against christianity
How did culture change during carolingian period
Carolingian renaissance: period of increase influenced by Christian Roman Empire of 4th C. During peiod increase in arts architecture, scriptural studies etc.
Rumours at carolingian court
a) Louis the Pious : 2nd wife Judith accused of adultery
b) Charles the Fat: wife ‘Richgard’ accused of adultery with chancellor. She declared charles impotent
c) Charlemagne himself had 4 wives 18 children
Louis the pious and the splitting of empire
Following Charles’ death louis the pious became ruler of the empire. Following his death, the treaty of verdun was signed in 843 splitting the empire into 3 kingdoms. The empire began to decline after this following disputes over who was king. in 884 Charles the fat reunited the empire but after his death in 888 the empire disolved once more.
Carolingian legacy
had strong legacy on individual leaders of future. E.g. napoleon who can be seen in a painting admiring him.
Key aspects to remember for Carolingian
a) Pippin III
b) Charlemagne
c) Charlemagne politics
d) Charlemagne military
e) Use of Papacy
f) Origins of Europe: Church And Barbarians
Primary Source for Charlemagne
Einhard: Life of Charlemagne:
- Einhard was trusted servant to Charlemagne and his son Louis the Pious.
- Wrote life of charlemagne to praise Charlemagne to whom he was a “debtor” in life and death. He glosses over details such as the actions of Charlemagnes daughters and didnt mention some. The work accurately shows the good side of Charlemagne with some obvious bias.
