3 CAD

Question 1

basic pathophysiology of cad

Answer 1

mechanical stress on the arteries
triggers inflammation response
platelets reaction and adheres to walls
LDL attracted to platelets
fatty streak
atheroma
fibrous cap forms and breaks off that can clog arteries

Question 2

2 operations ?

Answer 2

angioplasticity and cabg

Question 3

what do the following medications do :
Diurectics
beta blockers
calcium channel blockers
arbs
ace inhibitors

Answer 3

vasodilation via salt anf water excretion

beta blockers block epinephrine receptor - block symptomatic response and vasodilation

calcium channel prevents contraction of myocardial muscles and arteries - slower hr and vasodilation

arbs - block receptors of angiotension

ace inhibitor - blocks angiotension 11 productine by inhibiting the ac enzyme

Question 4

cad exercise response

Answer 4

1. 40% to 60% less of age predicted cardiorespiratory response
2. decreased contractility of left ventricle
3. decreased blood flow

Question 5

potential benefits (4)

Answer 5

1. increased ldl large sized particles
2. decreased small density ldl particles
3. decreased triglycerides
4. increased hdl
5. increased vagal tone

Question 6

what is silent ischema

Answer 6

elderly and diabetics can have ischemia w/out pain

Question 7

stable angina ?

Answer 7

lasts 2-5 mins and has following symptoms :
1. heaviness, squeezing and constricting
2. headaches
3. nausea
4. profuse sweating
5. dyspnea

Question 8

unstable angina ?

Answer 8

1. new onset type or occurance
2. occurrence more severe or frequent
3. angina before bed and upon waking lasting >20 min

Question 9

adsolute indictaion t stop test

Answer 9

1. angina scale 3 plus
2. drop in sbp >10 w workload and w other signs of ischemia
3. st segment elevation without diagnostic q waves

Question 10

Relative indications to stop test

Answer 10

1. drop is sbp >10 w/out other indications
2. ST or qrs changes