Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

**2.Part II - Updated Crozer > 3. Bugs and Drugs > Flashcards

3. Bugs and Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

what are Gram positive, catalase positive cocci in clusters?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

drug of choice for Staph?

A

Keflex or Ancef

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

if keflex or ancef is not available,

what are alternative drug choices to treat Staph?

A
  • clindamycin,
  • Levaquin,
  • Vancomycin,
  • Azithromycin,
  • dicloxacillin,
  • nafcillin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Alternative drug for Staph if PCN allergy?

A
  • clindamycin,
  • Levaquin,
  • Vancomycin,
  • Azithromycin

(*CANNOT use dicloxacillin or nafcillin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what if staph is resistant to methicillin?

A

MRSA (methacillin-resistant Staph aureus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

MRSA: drug of choice

A
  • Vanco IV
  • Bactrim PO (if sensitive)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are alternatives for MRSA,

if vanco and bactrim are not available?

A
  • synercid, or
  • linezolid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

MRSA: topical drug of choice

A

bactroban

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Strep: drug of choice

A
  • Keflex, or
  • Ancef
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are Gram positive, catalase negative cocci that are in pairs or chains?

A

Streptococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are alternative drugs to treat Strep,

if keflex or ancef is not available?

A
  • clindamycin
  • levaquin
  • vancomycin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

alternative tx for strep

in patients with penicillin allergy?

A
  • clindamycin
  • levaquin
  • vancomycin

(same options with or without a penicillin allergy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

enterococcus: drug of choice

A

amoxicillin or vancomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

alternative for enterococcus,

if amoxicillin or vancomycin is unavailable?

A
  • Augmentin
  • Linezolid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what if the enterococcus is resistant to vancomycin?

A

VRE

(vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

vancomycin-resistant enterococcus: drug of choice

A
  • linezolid, or
  • synercid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

diptheroids: drug of choice

A

vancomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is a short, Gram negative rod?

A

Escherichia coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

E. coli: drug of choice

A

Keflex or Ancef

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Alternative for E. coli treatment if PCN allergy?

A

Cipro or Levaquin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Proteus: drug of choice

A

Keflex or Ampicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Alternatives for Proteus treatment if PCN allergy?

A

Cipro or Levaquin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

E/C/S/M group: drug of choice

(ECSM: Enterobacter spp., Citrobacter spp., Serratia spp., and Morganella morganii)

A

Quinolone

(Cipro or Levaquin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Alternative drugs for E/C/S/M group,

if quinolone is unavailable?

A
  • 3rd generation cephalosporin
  • Aztreonam
  • Bactrim
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what is a small Gram negative rod with pili and polar flagella?
pseudomonas aeruginosa
26
**pseudomonas:** drug of choice
Cipro | (ciprofloxacin)
27
Alternative drug for **Pseudomonas** treatment, if ciprofloxacin is unavailable?
* 3rd gen cephalosporins * Aztreonam * Zosyn * Timentin
28
how does Pseudomonas typically present?
blue-green purulence with grape-like odor
29
what Gram negative spirochete causes **Lyme disease**?
borrelia burgdorferi
30
**lyme disease:** drug of choice
**doxycyline** or **Rocephin**
31
alternative drug for **Lyme disease,** if doxycycline or Rocephin is unavailable?
amoxicillin
32
**bacteroides:** drug of choice
* Augmentin * Zosyn * Unasyn * Timentin
33
Alternatives for **Bacteroides** if _PCN allergy_, (alternatives to augmentin, zosyn, unasyn, and timentin)
* clindamycin/Cipro * Primaxin * Flagyl
34
what is a large, Gram positive, anaerobic, "**racquet-shape**" rod that forms spores?
clostridium perfringens
35
**clostridium:** drug of choice
* penicillin * imipenem * clindamycin * tetracycline
36
what are two _soft tissue clinical manifestations_ caused by **Clostridium**?
**Anaerobic cellulitis** and **gas gangrene**
37
why is gas gangrene a surgical emergency?
It rapidly progresses to shock and renal failure and is fatal in 30% of cases
38
**aeromonas:** drug of choice alternative?
Cipro PO/IV alternative: Bactrim
39
**pseudomonas cepacia:** drug of choice alternative?
doc: **Bactrim** alternative: **Ceftazidime**
40
**necrotizing fasciitis:** drug of choice
**primaxin**
41
**superficial thrombophlebitis:** drug of choice
**timentin**
42
**gonorrhea:** drug of choice
**Ceftriaxone** or **PCN** if sensitive
43
**cutaneous larva migrans:** drug of choice
Promethia under occlusion
44
What organisms may form **gas** in soft tissue?
* **Gram positive** – Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Peptostreptococcus * **Gram negative** – Bacteroides, E. coli, Klebsiella, Serratia
45
what are some anaerobes?
* **Gram positive** – Actinomyces, Clostridium, Peptostreptococcus * **Gram negative** – Bacteroides, Fusobacterium
46
**patient with diabetes and a PCN allergy:** drug of choice
**clindamycin**
47
**severe limb-threatening infection:** drug of choice
Primaxin
48
most common organisms of bite wounds?
* **Human** – Eikenella corrodens * **Cat and dog** – Pasteurella multocida
49
what is Gram negative rod is associated with dog bites?
**DF-2** [**Capnocytophaga canimorsus** sp. nov. (formerly CDC group DF-2)]
50
**dog and cat bites:** drug of choice
**augmentin**
51
most common organisms causing **cellulitis**
**Staph** and **Strep**
52
which type of Strep can cause **impetigo**, **cellulitis**, and **erysipelas**?
Group A Strep
53
What is the difference between **cellulitis** and **erysipelas**?
* **Cellulitis** – confined superficial infection * **Erysipelas** – superficial infection that extends into the lymphatics
54
what is the _most common_ organism that causes **acute hematogenous osteomyelitis**?
* **Staphylococcus aureus** (adults) * **Gram negative rods** (elderly)
55
what is the _most common_ organism that causes **osteomyelitis following a puncture wound**?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
56
what is an anaerobic Gram positive filamentous bacteria?
Actinomyces
57
what organism may be found following a **puncture wound in the ocean**?
Vibrio vulnificus
58
what type of bacteria is **gonorrhea**?
Gram negative diplococci
59
what is **gonorrhea** _cultured_ on?
Chocolate agar
60
what is the _treatment_ for **gonorrhea**?
**Ceftriaxone**
61
if a patient is currently on an antibiotic, how long should it be stopped before taking a wound culture?
At least 48 hours (if possible)

**2.Part II - Updated Crozer (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions