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Renal E1 > 3. Body fluid compartments > Flashcards

3. Body fluid compartments Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main function of the kidney?

A

regulate the volume and composition of the body fluids within narrow limits

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2
Q

eq for total body water (TBW)

A

0.6(body weight)

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3
Q

eq for intracellular fluid

A

0.4(body weight)

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4
Q

eq for extracellular fluid

A

0.2(body weight)

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5
Q

eq for plasma

A

0.25(ECF)

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6
Q

eq for interstitial fluid

A

0.75(ECF)

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7
Q

what are the major ions of the ecf

A

Na and Cl

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8
Q

what are the major ions of the icf

A

K and PO4

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9
Q

serum electrolytes:

Na

A

135-147 mEq/L

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10
Q

serum electrolytes:

Cl

A

95-105 mEq/L

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11
Q

serum electrolytes:

K

A

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

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12
Q

serum electrolytes:

Creatinine

A

0.6-1.2 mg/dL

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13
Q

serum electrolytes:

BUN

A

7-18 mg/dL

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14
Q

serum electrolytes:

serum osmolality

A

285-295 mOsm/kg H20

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15
Q

what is the result of ECF volume loss

A

increased total plasma protein (concentration)

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16
Q

what is the result of ECF volume gain

A

decreased total plasma protein (dilution)

17
Q

ECF volume loss will do what to hematocrit

A

increase

18
Q

ECF volume gain will do what to hematocrit

A

decrease

19
Q

ICF volume loss will do what to hematocrit

A

decrease

20
Q

ICF volume gain will do what to hematocrit

A

increase

21
Q

Gibbs-Donnan Effect

A

presence of a negatively charged protein on one side of a semipermeable membrane generates both osmotic and electrochemical gradients across the membrane

22
Q

what counteracts the inward force created by the Gibbs-Donnan effect?

A

Na/K ATPase pump

23
Q

what is responsible for the ECF osmotic balance

A

Na

24
Q

what is responsible for the ICF osmotic balance

A

K

25
Q

when does edema become apparent?

A

when interstitial volume is increased by 2.5-3.0L

normal plasma volume is 3L

26
Q

isotonic

A

cell environment has a NaCl concentration equal to 0.85%

27
Q

hypertonic

A

cell environment has a NaCl concentration greater than 0.85%

28
Q

hypotonic

A

cell environment has a NaCl concentration less than 0.85%

29
Q

what are the main solutes in the ECF

A

sodium
glucose
urea

30
Q

what is a result of changes in Na balance

A

changes in volume status

31
Q

what is a result of changes in H2O balance

A

changes in Na concentration and osmolarity

32
Q

hypotonic dehydration

A

loss of sodium is greater than loss of water in ECF

33
Q

hypertonic dehydration

A

loss of water is greater than loss of sodium in ECF

34
Q

hyponatremia

A

serum sodium below 130-135

results in: increased ICF

35
Q

hypernatremia

A

serum sodium above 147-150

results in: decreased ICF

Renal E1 (8 decks)

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