3 Atoms, Elements and Compounds

Question 1

Alloy

Answer 1

a metal compound made by combining 2+ metals together

Question 2

Atom

Answer 2

the smallest part of an element that can exist

Question 3

Atomic nucleus

Answer 3

positively charged centre of an atom, composed of protons and neutrons

Question 4

Compound

Answer 4

a substance made up of 2+ types of atoms chemically combined together

Question 5

Covalent bond

Answer 5

a shared pair of electrons between two non-metals

Question 6

Diamond

Answer 6

a giant covalent structure, made up of carbon atoms each bound with four other carbon atoms

Question 7

Electron

Answer 7

negatively charged subatomic particle (relative mass negligible) which orbits the nucleus

Question 8

Electron shell

Answer 8

different energy levels in atoms, occupied by electrons

Question 9

Element

Answer 9

a substance made up of only one type of atom

Question 10

Graphite

Answer 10

a giant covalent structure, made up of carbon atoms each bound with three other carbon atoms - one delocalised electron per carbon atom is free to move and carry charge

Question 11

Ion

Answer 11

an atom or molecule with an electric charge due to the loss or gain of electrons

Question 12

Ionic bond

Answer 12

the bond formed between oppositely charged ions

Question 13

Ionic compound

Answer 13

chemical compound formed of ions, held together by strong electrostatic forces

Question 14

Isotopes

Answer 14

atoms of the same element which have the same proton number but a different nucleon number
–> same electron configuration, so same chemical properties

Question 15

Lattice

Answer 15

a repeating regular arrangement of atoms/ions/molecules

Question 16

Macromolecules

Answer 16

a molecular structure containing many atoms covalently bonded together
–> strong covalent bonds, so high melting points

Question 17

Malleable

Answer 17

capable of being deformed and moulded into various shapes

Question 18

Metallic bonding

Answer 18

positive metal ions are held in a sea of delocalised electrons

Question 19

Metals

Answer 19

elements that react to form positive ions

Question 20

Neutron

Answer 20

neutral subatomic particle (relative mass 1) in the nucleus of the atom

Question 21

Noble gas

Answer 21

very unreactive due to a stable full outer shell of electrons

Question 22

Non-metals

Answer 22

elements that react to form negative ions

Question 23

Nucleon/mass number

Answer 23

the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Question 24

Proton

Answer 24

positively charged subatomic particle (relative mass 1) in the nucleus of the atom

Question 25

Proton/atomic number

Answer 25

the number of protons in the nucleus