3. Agronomy Flashcards
What is mycorrhiza?
A symbiotic association between fungi and higher plants
Mycorrhizae enhance nutrient and water absorption for plants.
What does VAM stand for?
Vascular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza
VAM is used for improving plant nutrient uptake.
Which amino acid is deficient in cereals?
Lysine
Lysine is essential for protein synthesis in humans.
Which amino acid is deficient in legumes?
Methionine
Methionine is important for various metabolic processes.
What is the most suitable machine for paddy cultivation?
Power tiller
Power tillers are used for land preparation in wet conditions.
What percentage of nitrogen and phosphorus does ammonium polyphosphate contain?
15% N & 62% P
Ammonium polyphosphate is a common fertilizer.
What is the purpose of the Tz (terrazolium) test?
To test seed viability
This test evaluates the germination potential of seeds.
What is the maintained water level in the wet nursery of rice?
5 cm
This level helps in optimal seedling growth.
What is the optimum depth of puddling in rice cultivation?
5 cm
Puddling helps in controlling weeds and improving water retention.
Which layer absorbs ultraviolet radiations?
Ozone layer
The ozone layer protects living organisms from harmful UV rays.
Who was the first Indian director of IARI?
Dr. B. Vishvanath
IARI stands for Indian Agricultural Research Institute.
What is the most critical stage of irrigation in wheat?
CRI stage (21 days after sowing)
Proper irrigation during the CRI stage is crucial for yield.
What is Jhuming?
A practice of rice cultivation in the eastern part of India
Jhuming involves shifting cultivation techniques.
What is the basic objective of sustainable agriculture?
To maintain ecological balance
Sustainable agriculture aims to meet current needs without compromising future resources.
What are plants growing in salt water known as?
Halophytes
Halophytes are adapted to saline environments.
How is crop canopy temperature measured?
Infra-red thermometer
This measurement helps assess plant stress levels.
Reclamation disease is caused due to deficiency of
Copper
What hormone is related to drought tolerance?
Abscisic acid (ABA)
ABA helps plants respond to water stress.
What is the contribution of livestock in agriculture?
Provides manure, labor, and food
Livestock plays a significant role in sustainable farming systems.
What hormone is used as an herbicide?
2,4-D, Dicamba
These hormones are synthetic auxins used to control weeds.
What element is available in both anion and cation forms?
Nitrogen
What is the dormancy breaking hormone?
Gibberellic acid
Gibberellic acid is used to promote seed germination.
What disease is caused by fungus?
Ringworm disease
Ringworm is a common fungal infection affecting the skin.
What is the main cause of rainfall in Tamil Nadu?
Monsoon
The North East monsoon is particularly significant for this region.
How can stress hardening in plants be achieved?
By applying Abscisic acid (ABA)
Stress hardening helps plants tolerate adverse conditions.
What is the maximum permissible limit of biuret in urea?
1.5%
Biuret is a compound that can affect the quality of urea fertilizers.
What is the carbon content in organic matter?
58%
This percentage reflects the organic matter’s contribution to soil carbon sequestration.
Which bio fertilizer is used in wheat?
Azatobacter
Azatobacter is a nitrogen-fixing bacteria beneficial for wheat.
Which bio fertilizer is used in sorghum and grasses?
Azospirillum
Azospirillum promotes root growth and enhances nutrient uptake.
Vertical mulch is used in which type of soils?
Black cotton soils
Vertical mulching helps in moisture conservation and soil fertility.
Who provided the criteria of essentiality in 1939?
Arnon & Stout
Their work helped define essential nutrients for plant growth.
What is the optimum spacing for wheat?
22.5 cm (line to line)
Proper spacing is crucial for maximizing yield.
What is the nontraditional area for cultivating wheat?
Eastern India
Traditionally, wheat is grown in northern and western parts of India.
What is the major P fertilizer commonly used in India?
DAP
DAP stands for Diammonium Phosphate, widely used for phosphorus supply.
Which state has the minimum BPL population?
Punjab
BPL stands for Below Poverty Line, indicating economic status.
Where is the maximum number of BPL people found?
Bihar
Bihar has a significant population living below the poverty line.
Which bio fertilizer is more suited for sugarcane?
Azatobacter
Azatobacter enhances nitrogen availability for sugarcane.
What is the depth of sowing for soybean seed?
3 cm
Correct sowing depth is important for seed germination and growth.
What is the first variety of rice introduced in India?
TN-1 (1964-65)
TN-1 was developed for higher yield and adaptability.
What is Indian mustard known as scientifically?
Brassica juncea
Brassica juncea is cultivated for its seeds and oil.
What is classified as an explosive fertilizer?
Ammonium nitrate
Ammonium nitrate is used in both fertilizers and explosives.
What is the most prominent soil group of India?
Alluvial soil
Alluvial soils are fertile and support major crops.
What percentage of sulphur is contained in SSP?
12%
SSP stands for Single Super Phosphate, a common phosphorus fertilizer.
Which micronutrient is deficient in Indian soils?
Zn
Zinc deficiency can lead to various crop health issues.
Which macronutrient is mostly deficient in Indian soils?
Nitrogen
Nitrogen is essential for plant growth and development.
What type of implement is a spike tooth harrow?
Secondary tillage
Spike tooth harrows are used to prepare seedbeds.
What is the most widely used material for correcting soil acidity?
Lime
Lime application raises soil pH and improves nutrient availability.
In which cultivation method is Diara cultivation followed?
Cucurbits
Diara cultivation is practiced in flood-prone areas.
What is the C: N ratio of organic matter?
10:1
This ratio is significant for microbial activity in soil.
When was the National Seed Act passed?
1966
This act regulates seed quality and distribution in India.
When was the National Seed Corporation (NSC) established?
1963
NSC plays a key role in seed production and distribution.
What are root promoting hormones?
IBA
IBA stands for Indole-3-butyric acid, a plant hormone.
What is the hormone responsible for flower and fruit setting?
NAA
NAA stands for Naphthalene acetic acid, used in agriculture.
When is bench terracing done?
When slope is more than 15% (16-33%)
This method helps in soil conservation on steep lands.
What is mass per unit volume called?
Bulk density
Bulk density is an important soil property affecting porosity.
What type of soil is a disk plough used for?
Tough soil
Disk ploughs are effective in breaking hard soil layers.
What is the first man-made cereal?
Triticale
Triticale is a hybrid of wheat and rye, developed for better yield.
What is the cheapest nitrogen-containing fertilizer?
Urea
Urea is widely used due to its high nitrogen content and low cost.
What is the first product of urea hydrolysis?
Ammonium carbamate
Urea hydrolysis is a key process in nitrogen availability for plants.
