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PED2001 - Drug Disposition > 3&4 - Drug absorption > Flashcards

3&4 - Drug absorption Flashcards

1
Q

Are strong or weak acids & bases better at being absorbed in the intestine

A

Weak - strong acids & bases are ionised at the pH of the intestine

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2
Q

Factors affection GI absorption of drugs (4)

A

GI motility
Splanchic blood flow
Particle size & formulation
Physiochemical factors

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3
Q

What causes gastric stasis and what does it do to absorption

A

Migraine, diabetic neuropathy
- decreased drug absorption

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4
Q

GI motility - Coeliac disease
Increased and decreased absorption of what drugs

A

Increased - thyroxine & digoxin
Decreased - propranolol, cotrimoxazol, cephalexin

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5
Q

GI motility - food _ drug absorption

A

Decreases

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6
Q

Metaclopramide affects _ receptors

A

Muscarinic

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7
Q

Example of a physiochemical factor - drug / drug interaction

A

Bile & warfarin
Compete for uptake transporters

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8
Q

Example of drug not absorbed

A

Mesalazine - for Crohn’s disease

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9
Q

1st pass metabolism - drugs excreted in faeces

A

Benzyl penicillin & insulin
Inactivated by gastric acid

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10
Q

1st pass metabolism - drugs metabolised a gut wall

A

Monoamines by MAO

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11
Q

Eg of 2 drugs with low hepatic extraction ratio

A

Paracetamol
Warfarin

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12
Q

Eg of 2 drugs with intermediate hepatic extraction ratio

A

Aspirin
Codeine

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13
Q

Eg of 2 drugs with high hepatic extraction ratio

A

Morphine
Propranolol

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14
Q

Route of cutaneous administration

A

Epidermis —> dermis —> hypodermis

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15
Q

Adv & disadv of cutaneous administration

A

Adv - skips 1st pass metabolism
Dis - variability in application of topically applied drugs

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16
Q

Eg of cutaneous drug

A

Nicorette - nicotine

17
Q

What is a single bolus injection and example

A

Very high conc of drug
Infusion at a steady pace to avoid high plasma conc
Diazepam for epilepticus

18
Q

Subcutaneous & intramuscular injections can be co-administered with _

A

Hyalouronidase
- digests intercellular matrix
- more rapid release of drug

19
Q

What is intrathecal injection and example

A

Lumbar puncture needle
Local anaesthetics - bupivacaine

20
Q

Symptoms of asthma

A

Inflammation
Mucus production
Bronchospasm

21
Q

Treatments for asthma (3)

A

Adrenergic agonist (bronchodilators)
Glucocorticoids
Beta agonists (potent bronchodilators)

22
Q

Corticosteroids in asthma

A

Decreases number of cells involved in inflammation (macrophages, eosinophils)

23
Q

Problem with inhaled drugs

A

80-90% deposited in mouth and pharynx or swallowed

PED2001 - Drug Disposition (13 decks)

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