3/27/24 Quiz

Question 1

AMbrose of Milan (d. 397)

Answer 1

war is justified if its purpose is to defend the weak and oppressed

Question 2

Saint Augustine (d. 430)

Answer 2

Purpose of war was to bring peace, the goal of any society is to est and maintain peace of order (tranquilitas ordinis).

argued military force can be used for the purpose of this.

War can be declared by lawful authority and that it can be waged only for a just cause.

the decision to go to war must not be motivated by cruelty, bloodlust, or a desire for vengeance against enemy
-correct intention must by grounded in justice and the pursuit of a lasting peace

Question 3

Thomas Aquinas (d. 1274)

Answer 3

-war must be declared by a sovereign authority
-just cause, understood to mean that one nation can legitimately attack another on account of some fault that the perpetrating nation has committed.
-right intention: the purpose for waging war must be to repress evil and promote the common good.

Question 4

Bartholomew de Las Casas (d. 1566)

Answer 4

argued against the practice of using military force to convert people to Christianity.

Question 5

Tommaso Cajetan (d. 1534)

Answer 5

distinguished between offensive and defensive war, spole about justice after war or the need to make restitution to ones enemy after hostilities had ended.

Question 6

Francisco de Vitoria (d. 1546)

Answer 6

war is not justified when waged due to differences in religion, the desire to enlarge an empire, or for the personal glory of the sovereign

-sole cause for war is to redress a harm that has been unjustly inflicted by an aggressor.

-stressed importance of non-combatant immunity and insisted that armed forces not inflict more damage than necessary to achieve victory

Question 7

Pope John XXIII

Answer 7

focuses on the est of peace in Christianity and Social Progress

the world becomes increasingly interdependent (difficult, not impossible to maintain peace in nations where excessive imbalances exist in the economic and social structures

Question 8

Pope Paul VI

Answer 8

speaks to the relationship between justice and peace in On the Development of Peoples

promote cooperation among nations with the goal of improving conditions for those living in poverty

A Call to Action warns abt the powerful and weaker nati9ons - relations never forge true and lasting justice and cannot foster peace

Message for the World Day of Peace - argues that if we seek to form genuine peace and recognize true respect for humanity

Question 9

Pope John Paul II

Answer 9

addresses relationships between justice and peace by focusing on the need for greater international solidarity

On social concern asserts that developed nations have a moral obligation to aid less fortunate