3 Flashcards
Is does E mean
VOLTAGE (volt)
What doe I mean
Current in amps (A)
What does R mean
Resistance/ ohms (Ω)
what is a Atom ?
the smallest particle that a atom cam be divided into
what are the 3 Subatomic Particles and the Function
Proton (Postive Charge)
Electron ( Negative Charge)
Neutron (No Charge)
what is the simplest of all atoms
Hydrogen Atom
what are the several form of the hydrogen atom Call
isotopes
what is LIGHT Hydrogen ?
a Hydrogen Atom with only 1 proton, and 1 electron
what’s a Heavy Hydrogen
a Hydrogen Atom with only 1 proton, 1 neutron and 1 electron
what a Nucleus
the center of a Atom it contains the Protons and Neutrons
where are the eletrons?
the orbit around the nucleus Called A SHELL
Valence shell?
the outermost ring od a electrons that Oribt the the nucleus of a Atom
what is the maximum number of electron in the first shell from the Nucleus
2
what is the maximum number of electron in the second shell from the Nucleus
8
what is a ion
when a atom Gain or electron
what are the 2 types of IONs?
and what do they mean?
Negative ION’s - when atom gains a Electron
Positive ION’s - when a atom lose a electron
when do IONS attract and repel Each other
IONS of the same charge repel each other and IONs os different charge attract each other
what are the 3 Categories ELEMENTS can be placed in to AND THERE DEFINations
Conductors- Have 3 or Less Valence electrons/ are used to transfer electrical energy from only point another
Semiconductors- have 4 valence electrons/ are use to current flow in solar and electronic circuit (not good as Conducters)
Insulaters- have 5 or More Valence electrons/ used to prevent flow of electricity
a current flowing through and conductor coiled around a n iron bar is a _________
Electromagnet
what does a basic electrical circuit have?
Voltage source, a Load, Conductor (wire), Also a Switch
what is Potential
the ability of a charge to do work of moving another charge us the force of attraction of repulsion
what is Voltage
Voltage: The driving force that makes current flow in a circuit. Voltage, often represented by the letter E, is also referred to as electromotive force (emf), potential difference, or electrical pressure.
.
what is Power?
Power: The rate of doing work, or the rate at which energy is used or dissipated.
Electrical power is measured in watts (W).
what is RESISTANCE
Resistance: An electrical property that opposes the flow of current through a circuit. Resistance is represented by the letter R and is measured in ohms (2).
what is the CURRENT?
Current: The movement, or flow, of electrons in a circuit. Current or intensity of flow () is measured in amperes (A)
Define VOLT
Volt (V): The unit of measurement for voltage, represented by the letter V. One volt is the electromotive force needed to push one ampere of current through a resistance of one ohm.
DEFINE OHM
Ohm (Ω): The basic unit of measurement for resistance, represented by the symbolΩ
DEFINE AMPHERE
Ampere (A): The basic unit of measurement for electrical current, represented by the letter A.
Define Jolt
Joule (J): A unit of energy measurement for doing work, represented by the letter
J. One joule is equal to one newton-meter (Nm).
Deifne COULOMB
Coulomb (C): A unit of electrical charge equal to 6.24 × 1018 electrons (or 6.24 quintillion electrons). A coulomb is the common unit of quantity used for specifying the size of a given charge.
how doe batteries work
By covert stored chemical energy into electrical energy with Cathode (+) which are positive , and Anode (-) which are negative
how Cathode and Anode work together
A battery chemically creates a large reserve of free electrons at the anode (-) terminal. The cathode (+) terminal has electrons chemically removed and will therefore accept electrons if an external path is provided via a circuit.
When a battery is no longer able to chemically deposit electrons at the anode terminal, it is said to be dead, or in need of recharging.
what Fractors effect the Current
-Applied Voltage
-wire Size
-Conductor material
- temperature
- Condutor length
what happens wit you have Larger wires (conductors) ?
greater flow
l
Ohms law for find (I) current
I=E/R
using ohms find (E) voltage
E=IxR
using ohms find Resistance (Ω)
R=E/I
what types of power generator plants are there?
Steam from fusses fuel, Solar, Wind, Hydroelectric , and nuclear
what the formula for Watts (W)
Watts= Volts x Amperes
what are conversions for (Watts, KiloWatts, MegaWatts, and Horsepower?
1,000 watts (W) = 1 kilowatt (kW)
1,000,000 watts (W) = 1 megawatt (MW)
1,000 kilowatts (kW) = 1 megawatt (MW)
1 watt (W) = 0.00134 horsepower (hp)
1 horsepower (hp) = 746 watts (W)
kilowatt hour?
Multiple the number of Kilowatt by the number of hours,,, (you must cover to kilo if need be)
Power Equation for Current (I)
I=P/E
Power Equation for (E) voltage
E=P/I
Power equation for (P) Power
P= E x I
what is I squared R Heating
when too much current flows through a Resistor
what is a schematic
a type of drawing used to represent the components in a system.
what are the 2 most common type of electronic resistors?
Wire-wound
Caron compostion constructors - use color code to indentify resistance value
what a Series Circuit?
Series circuit: A circuit with only one path for current flow.
what a Parallel Circuit?
Parallel circuit: A circuit in which each load is connected directly to the voltage source; therefore, the voltage drop through each of the loads is the same, and the current is divided between the Yoads.
what is a volt-ohm-milliammeter
The most common test meter.
You use multimeters to measure AC and DC voltage, DC current, and resis-tance. You can also use them to measure AC current in the milliamp range.
what a cLamp on Ammeter
For large currents
- dont clamp on 2 different conductors
- wit analog start high and work your way down
Voltage meter
voltmeter can be used to determine whether the correct voltage is available. A voltmeter must be connected in parallel with the component or circuit to be tested (Figure 33). Voltage must be checked with the power applied.
Ohmmeter
An ohmmeter contains an internal battery that acts as a voltage source. Therefore, you must always make resistance measurements with the system power off.
Sometimes, you use an ohmmeter to measure resistance in a load. Motor windings are a good example.
Usually, you use an ohmmeter to check for circuit continuity. Continuity means that the circuit is continuous, with no breaks in the wire.
formula to find the maximum current that can be carried by a resistor
I=√P/r
