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1
Q

), a United Nations specialized agency in charge of international public health

A

WHO

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2
Q

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease of infirmity” (WHO, 2022a

A

Health

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3
Q

. It also means that a healthy lifestyle is a conduit to leading a full, meaningful, and purpose. driven life

A

Health

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4
Q

published an editorial in 2009, defining health as “the ability to adapt,” particularly on emerging threats and infirmities

A

The Lancel

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5
Q

refers to having bodily functions, processes, and systems all working at their peak, due not only to the absence of disease but to the individual’s efforts to do regular exercise, maintain a balanced nutrition, and get adequate rest.

A

Physical Health

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6
Q

refers to a person’s emotional, social, and psychological well-being. Without mental health, even at the peak of one’s physical health, a full and active lifestyle will be difficult.

A

Mental Health

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7
Q

refers to a person’s emotional, social, and psychological well-being. Without ——-, even at the peak of one’s physical health, a full and active lifestyle will be difficult.

A

Mental Health

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8
Q

not merely the absence of psychological disorders like depression or anxiety, but it also depends on a to enjoy life, recover and adapt to difficult experiences and adversity, balance different aspects of life, feel safe and secure person’s ability

and achieve their goals and potentials

A

Mental health

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9
Q

focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of individual patients

A

Health Care

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10
Q

focuses on the protection and promotion of the health of entire populations.

A

Public Helath

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11
Q

One of the earliest definitions of public health is that of American bacteriologist and public health expert

A

Charles-Edward A. Winslow

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12
Q

considered to be a leading figure of 20th-century public health. In 1920, he defined public health as follows

A

Charles Edward A. Wilson

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13
Q

became a major milestone of 20th-century public health as it identified primary healthcare as the key to the achievement of “Health for All” (WHO, 2022c).

A

Declaration of Alma Ata

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14
Q

In (?), the Declaration of Alma Ata became a major milestone of 20th-century public health as it identified primary healthcare as the key to the achievement of “Health for All” (WHO, 2022c)

A

1978

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15
Q

most important worldwide social goal.

A

Health

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16
Q

—– in health between developed and developing countries are unacceptable and are therefore a concern to all countries.

A

Gross inequalities

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17
Q

is essential healthcare and forms an integral part of the country’s healthcare system and the overall development of the community

A

Primary Healthcare

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18
Q

multidisciplinary science

A

Public Healthcare

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19
Q

The history of public health dates back to the ancient age as far as

A

2000 B C

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20
Q

The public health field was pushed to its limits during the 18th century because of the

A

First Industrial revolution

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21
Q

This new definition encompasses the view that health is a requisite to allow an individual to perform health social functions. It also means that a healthy lifestyle is a conduit to leading a full, meaningful, and purpose- driven life

A

Health

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22
Q

refers to having bodily functions, processes, and systems all working at their peak, due not only to the absence of disease but to the individual’s efforts to do regular exercise, maintain a balanced nutrition, and get adequate rest.

A

Physical Health

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23
Q

refers to a person’s emotional, social, and psychological well-being. Without mental health, even at the peak of one’s physical health, a full and active lifestyle will be difficult. Like physical health, mental health is not merely the absence of psychological disorders like depression or anxiety, but it also depends on a person’s ability to enjoy life, recover and adapt to difficult experiences and adversity, balance different aspects of life, feel safe and secure, and achieve their goals and potentials

A

Mental Health

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24
Q

is not merely the absence of psychological disorders like depression or anxiety, but it also depends on a person’s ability to enjoy life, recover and adapt to difficult experiences and adversity, balance different aspects of life, feel safe and secure, and achieve their goals and potentials

A

Mental Health

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25
Q

focuses on the protection and promotion of the health of entire populations

A

Public Health

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26
Q

One of the earliest definitions of public health is that of American bacteriologist and public health expert

A

Charles Edward A. Winslow

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27
Q

considered to be a leading figure of 20th-century public health.

A

Charles - Edward A. Wilson

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28
Q

became a major milestone of 20th-century public health as it identified primary milestone as the key to the achievement of “Health for All (WHO, 2022c).

A

Declaration of Alma Ata

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29
Q

is essential healthcare and forms an integral part of the country’s healthcare system and the overall development of the community.

A

Primary Healthcare

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30
Q

can be attained through a full and better use of the world’s resources, a part of which is spent on armaments and military conflict

A

Health for All

31
Q

During the 1831 cholera outbreak, also known as

A

Broad Street Cholera Outbreak or
Golden Square Outbreak

32
Q

During the 1831 cholera outbreak, also known as

A

Broad Street Cholera Outbreak or
Golden Square Outbreak

33
Q

Snow was a medical apprentice working to systematically study the spread of the

A

Vibrio Cholerae

34
Q

His lifelong work and studies on cholera were extensive although he is most often credited for solving an

A

1854 severe cholera Outbreak on Soho, London

35
Q

. Skeptical of the now obselete

A

Miasma or Bad Air Theory

36
Q

proposes that microscopic organisms were the causes of diseases among humans, until 1861

A

Germ Theory

37
Q

Around the same time as major epidemics and disease outbreaks spread across the world, the ——– Period provided important foundations for the importance of public health.

A

Enlightenment Period

38
Q

. This period was one that saw an embrace of democracy, citizenship, reason, rationality, and the social value of intelligence. At the time, the value of gathering information to guide decisions became integral to the ongoing public health discourse.

A

Enlightenment Period

39
Q

During this time, the English philosopher, jurist, and social reformer ——– and his disciples, called

A

Jeremy Bentham
His disciples, Philosophical Radicals

40
Q

lobbied the belief that nature placed humankind under the governance of two masters, namely pain and pleasure

A

Jeremy Bentham and

His disciples, Philosophical Radicals

41
Q

argued for the philosophy of utilitarianism, a moral theory which states that actions should be judged right or wrong based on whether they maximize pleasure and minimize pain (i.e., utility) among the affected people.

A

Philosophical Radicals

42
Q

moral theory which states that actions should be judged right or wrong based on whether they maximize pleasure and minimize pain (i.e., utility) among the affected people

A

Philosophical Radicals

43
Q

moral theory which states that actions should be judged right or wrong based on whether they maximize pleasure and minimize pain (i.e., utility) among the affected people

A

Utilitarianism

44
Q

Collecting and analyzing about public health problems and concerns) Care information

Essential Service 1: Monitor health status to identify community health problems.

Essential Service 2: Diagnose and investigate health problems and hazards in the community

A

Assessment

45
Q

(Consulting with a broad range of stakeholders to ensure the with interventions and serve the public interest)

Essential Service 3: Inform, educate, and empower people about health issues.

Essential Service 4: Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems.

Essential Service 5: Develop policies and plans to support individual and community health efforts

A

Policy Development

46
Q

Promoting and protecting public interests through public health activities that ensure the achievement of agreed upon public health goals)

K

Essential Service 6: Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety

A

Assurance

47
Q

both prolongs life and improves the quality of life, which are both necessary

A

Prevention

48
Q

the worst public health crisis of the 21st century

A

Coronavirus Virus 2019 or COVID-19

49
Q

first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019

A

SARS Cov-2

50
Q

virus also tends to spread faster in three Cs,

A

crowded places, close-contact settings, and confined and enclosed spaces with poor ventilation

51
Q

such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, nucleic acid amplification test (NAATs), and other molecular amplification tests detect the genetic material from the virus and diagnose active infections.

A

Molecular Test

52
Q

(PCR) means?

A

Polymerase Chain Reaction

53
Q

NAATs means

A

Nucleic Acid Amplification Test

54
Q

These tests require a nasal swab, oral or throat swab, or saliva sample

A

Molecular Test

55
Q

Antibody tests is also known as?

A

Rapid Tests

56
Q

detect immune response after exposure, search for specific proteins on the surface of the virus

A

Rapid Tests

57
Q

which are typically done using a nasal swab, are called rapid tests because they produce results more quickly than molecular tests

A

Antigen Tests

58
Q

Lost of taste is also known as?

A

Ageusia

59
Q

Smell is also known as?

A

Anosmia

60
Q

such as the oral (?) pills Paxlovid™ (Pfizer) and Lagevrio (Merck), target specific parts of the virus to stop it from multiplying in the infected body, thus preventing severe illness and death.

A

Antiviral Treatments

61
Q

target specific parts of the virus to stop it from multiplying in the infected body, thus preventing severe illness and death.

A

Antiviral Treatments

62
Q

help the infected person’s immune defense by recognizing and responding more effectively to the virus.

A

Monoclonal Antibodies

63
Q

EUA stands for?

A

emergency use athorizations

64
Q

it is a messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine, which injects snippets of the virus’s generic material, called an mRNA, into human cells

A

Pfizer

65
Q

teaches the cells to produce a protein that will trigger an immune response inside the body. I

A

mRNA

66
Q

it is a non-replicating viral vector vaccine, which injects a harmless adenovirus to deliver genetic information to human cells.

Developed in the United Kingdom and British - Swedish Company

A

Astrazeneca

67
Q

Developed by the Chinese company

A

Sinovac

68
Q

it is a whole inactivated virus COVID-19 vaccine, which uses a more traditional technology of injecting virus particles that have been grown in culture and then killed to destroy disease-producing capacity

A

Sinovac

69
Q

Developed by the Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology in Russia, it is also an adenovirus-based viral vector vaccine against COVID-19.

A

Sputnik

70
Q

Developed by Janssen Vaccines in Leiden Netherlands and its Belgian parent company Janssen Pharmaceuticals, it is a one-dose regimen adenovirus-based viral vector vaccine.

A

Janssen

71
Q

Developed by the Bharat Biotech in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-National Institute of Virology, it is the first indigenous COVID-19 vaccine in India.

A

Covaxin

72
Q

model that scientists developed to understand the spread, mitigation, and treatment of infectious diseases.

A

Epidemiological Triangle

73
Q

the goal is to break at least one side of the triangle in order to disrupt

A

ET

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