12 Flashcards
known as Computer Age, Digital Age, or Age of New Media, is a historical period beginning in mid-20th century, whose defining characteristic is a rapid shift from traditional industries to an economy driven by the need for information access and control
Information Age
beginning of the Information Age was set up through the invention of the
Transistor
President and Creative Director of Waters Design Associates, Inc., describes the Information Age as a time when information got ahead of humankind and grew at a speed that we were unprepared to handle
John Walters
Age were farther back in the past. These building blocks include the development of writing systems across ancient civilizations, puter Age, Dig such as that of the ancient Sumerian, Egyptian, Chinese
cuneiform
hieroglyphics
small seal script
From manual, tedious, and slow ancient printing methods, in which the cloth, paper, or other medium was brushed or rubbed repeatedly to complete the transfer of ink
Printing Press
Who invented the printing press
Johannes Gutenberg
is a device that applies pressure to an inked surface lying on a medium (i.e., cloth or paper to transfer the ink), his hand mold printing press led to the creation of the metal movable type
The printing press
From this invention also, a new branch of print media was introduced and was known
The press
did not stop the production of modified printing press like rotary press run by steam and used in industrial scale printing in
20th Century
When soldiers left for war, the shortage got worse, so the United States mechanized the problem by building the
Harvard Mark 1
50-feet long electromechanical computer, which was capable of doing calculations in seconds that took people hours
Harvard Mark 1
the British also needed mathematicians to crack the German navy’s
Enigma Code
was used by the Germans to transcribe their messages in encryption using a machine
Enigma Code
which looked like an oversized typewriter
Enigma
an English mathematician, was hired in 1936 by the British top-secret Government Code and Cipher School at Bletchley Park to break the Enigma code.
Alan Turning
an electromechanical machine that allowed the British to read all daily German naval Enigma traffic by searching through the permutations
Bombe
was a researcher at Bell Laboratories, where he met Turing in 1943
Claude E. Shannon
Science and computer historians alike trace the formal beginnings of the Information Age to the work of the American mathematician, electrical engineer, and cryptographer
Claude E. Shannon
wrote a landmark paper proposing that all information can be encoded as a series of ones and zeroes
Claude E. Shannon
he demonstrated that all information media, from telephone signals to radio waves to television images can be transmitted without any error using his framework
Claude E Shannon
built a simple computer around the 8080-microprocessor hooked up to a keyboard and television in 1976.
Steve Wozniak
realized that PCs needed software and sold his Microsoft programs
Bill Gates
The Internet was developed during the 1970s by the
United States Department of defense
The development of ——- allowed for billions of bits of information to be received every minute.
fiber-optic cables
developed faster microprocessors so personal computers could process the incoming signals at a more rapid rate.
Intel
In early 1990s, was developed largely for commercial purposes.
World Wide Web
Corporations created ——- where they could place text and graphics to sell products.
Home Pages
was a convenient way to send a message to associates or friends.
Electronic mail or Email
allowed individuals to Converse who may never have had the opportunity in the past. Educational opportunities were greatly enhanced because of the wealth of knowledge now placed at the fingertips of any wired individual
Chatrooms and Email
Evolutions of the Information Age in the 2010s In the last decade, the Information Age saw even greater
leaps, so much that it came to be known as a “.”
decade of disruption
The evolutions of science and technology during the
Information Age, particularly in the last two decades, led to the argument that the world may well be in the midst of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, also called
4IR or Industry
German engineer, economist, and founder of the World Economic Forum (WEF)) Klaus Schwab
) Klaus Schwab
Machines, devices, sensors, and people will be able to seamlessly connect and communicate with each other through the Internet of Things (IoT), or the Internet of People (IoP).
Interconnection
- Industry 4.0 will also establish the technological prerequisites of systems able to assist humans in decision-making and problem-solving and help them with difficult or unsafe tasks.
Technical Assistance
- Industry 4.0 will also establish the technological prerequisites of systems able to assist humans in decision-making and problem-solving and help them with difficult or unsafe tasks.
Technical Assistance
Cyber physical systems of Industry 4.0 will be capable of independent decision- making and autonomous performance of tasks.
Decentralized decisions
American professor and science philosopher ———– sounded the call for the ethical se of information. In his article published at the MIS Quarterly, —- first called the world’s attention, these issues are ever proposed four major issues of information ethics of the Information more relevant
Richard O. Mason
Mason explains that citizens must exercise caution in using information technologies. He pinpoints two threats to —–, which, although written as contextualized in 1986, still strike a familiar chord to many who may have fallen prey to abuse of information and, with it, vicious attacks on the Internet. First, he points to the rapid growth of information technology, particularly its ever pervasive capacity for surveillance, communication, computation, storage, and
Privacy
, also called 4IR or Industry 4.0.
4th Industrial revolution
was developed during the 1970s by the United States Department of Defense, mainly by scientists to communicate with other scientists
Internet
