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Question 1

larval salamanders feed by _ which catches prey with water and is passed through _

Answer 1

inertial suction
branchial shifts

Question 2

tadpoles have mucus that’s secreted by cells on _

Answer 2

ventral velum

Question 3

what are the 6 tadpole mouth types?

Answer 3

surface feeding tadpole, midwater suspension tadpole, broad-footed tadpole, stream-dwelling tadpole, egg-eating tadpole, carnivorous tadpole

Question 4

salamanders have sticky dorsal surface tongue. what limits their extension?

Answer 4

if it is attached to the floor of their mouth, they have limited extension and if it isnt, they have flexible extension

Question 5

what is the salamander extension due to?
(i.e skeleton)

Answer 5

hyobranchial skeleton

Question 6

2 things for frog crypsis?

Answer 6

avoid being eaten
avoid being seen

Question 7

venemous vs posionous

Answer 7

venemous = injecting venom
posionous = secreting toxins

Question 8

toads produce _, newts prduced _, and posion dart frogs produce _

Answer 8

bufadienolides
tetrodotoxin
lipophilic alkaloids

Question 9

define aposematism

Answer 9

evolution of warning colors

Question 10

what is mullerian mimicry?

Answer 10

animals develop similar warning colors/patterns
* all are toxic and all send honest signals
* predators learn to avoid all similar look prey

Question 11

what is batesian mimicry?

Answer 11

one is toxic = model = sends honest signal
one is harmless = mimic = sends dishonest signal

Question 12

plethodon jordani v plethodon cenereus

Answer 12

model v mimic

Question 13

(t/f) snakes dont have external ears

Answer 13

true

Question 14

define solenoglyph snakes

Answer 14

moveable front fangs

Question 15

define proteroglyph

Answer 15

fixed front fangs

Question 16

define opistoglyph

Answer 16

rear fangs

Question 17

stenophagus v. euryphagus

Answer 17

limited diet v broad diet

Question 18

describe african egg eating snake

Answer 18

hypapophyses crushes eggshell and then the anterior hypapophyses slits membrane and prevents it from going into the stomach

Question 19

define constriction

Answer 19

stopping blood flow to the heart

Question 20

red touches yellow =
red touches black =

Answer 20

kills v. lacks venom

Question 21

central american milksnakes

Answer 21

genus micrurus = proteroglyphs - they have toxic venom

genus pliocerus = ophistoglyphs - mildly toxic venom

Question 22

describe pdf about batesian mimicry

Answer 22

seeing if model being present is important in terms of predators avoidance
* within specific areas
* sites with only mimics had greater attacks

result = benefits of mimicry depend on abundance of model

Question 23

describe robert kennicott

Answer 23

named after = artic warbler & western screech owl

suffered from QT syndrome
* founded chicago academy of science
* 3y expedition to canada for smithosonian