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Question 1

The opposing answers to this question bring out two rival conceptions of justification and of the nature of epistemological principles.

On ______, being justified means being in a position to know.

Answer 1

the externalist conception

Question 2

The opposing answers to this question bring out two rival conceptions of justification and of the nature of epistemological principles.

On the externalist conception, ______.

Answer 2

being justified means being in a position to know

Question 3

On the externalist conception, being justified means being in a position to know. ______ in that the knower stands in the appropriate relationship to the fact which is known.

Answer 3

Knowledge differs from a lucky guess

Question 4

On the externalist conception, being justified means being in a position to know. Knowledge differs from a lucky guess in that the knower ______.

Answer 4

stands in the appropriate relationship to the fact which is known

Question 5

Knowledge differs from a lucky guess in that the knower stands in the appropriate relationship to the fact which is known. It is ______ that makes a belief nonaccidental, nonarbitrary, and hence justified.

Answer 5

this relationship

Question 6

Knowledge differs from a lucky guess in that the knower stands in the appropriate relationship to the fact which is known. It is this relationship that ______.

Answer 6

makes a belief nonaccidental, nonarbitrary, and hence justified

Question 7

It is this relationship that makes a belief nonaccidental, nonarbitrary, and hence justified. ______ is a matter of fact.

Answer 7

Whether or not one is in this relationship

Question 8

It is this relationship that makes a belief nonaccidental, nonarbitrary, and hence justified. Whether or not one is in this relationship is ______.

Answer 8

a matter of fact

Question 9

Whether or not one is in this relationship is a matter of fact. It ______ the knowledge of one’s cognitive situation.

Answer 9

does not depend on

Question 10

Whether or not one is in this relationship is a matter of fact. It does not depend on ______.

Answer 10

the knowledge of one’s cognitive situation

Question 11

It does not depend on the knowledge of one’s cognitive situation. ______ identify the nature of the appropriate relationship between the person’s cognitive state and the world, and thus the necessary conditions for justification.

Answer 11

Epistemological principles

Question 12

It does not depend on the knowledge of one’s cognitive situation. Epistemological principles ______ between the person’s cognitive state and the world, and thus the necessary conditions for justification.

Answer 12

identify the nature of the appropriate relationship

Question 13

It does not depend on the knowledge of one’s cognitive situation. Epistemological principles identify the nature of the appropriate relationship ______, and thus the necessary conditions for justification.

Answer 13

between the person’s cognitive state and the world

Question 14

It does not depend on the knowledge of one’s cognitive situation. Epistemological principles identify the nature of the appropriate relationship between the person’s cognitive state and the world, and ______.

Answer 14

thus the necessary conditions for justification

Question 15

Epistemological principles identify the nature of the appropriate relationship between the person’s cognitive state and the world, and thus the necessary conditions for justification. ______, one’s cognitive state must satisfy these conditions, but this may occur without the reflective knowledge that one has satisfied them.

Answer 15

To be justified

Question 16

Epistemological principles identify the nature of the appropriate relationship between the person’s cognitive state and the world, and thus the necessary conditions for justification. To be justified, ______, but this may occur without the reflective knowledge that one has satisfied them.

Answer 16

one’s cognitive state must satisfy these conditions

Question 17

Epistemological principles identify the nature of the appropriate relationship between the person’s cognitive state and the world, and thus the necessary conditions for justification. To be justified, one’s cognitive state must satisfy these conditions, but ______ the reflective knowledge that one has satisfied them.

Answer 17

this may occur without

Question 18

Epistemological principles identify the nature of the appropriate relationship between the person’s cognitive state and the world, and thus the necessary conditions for justification. To be justified, one’s cognitive state must satisfy these conditions, but this may occur without ______.

Answer 18

the reflective knowledge that one has satisfied them

Question 19

To be justified, one’s cognitive state must satisfy these conditions, but this may occur without the reflective knowledge that one has satisfied them. There may be ______.

Answer 19

no reflective knowledge at all on the subject’s part

Question 20

There may be no reflective knowledge at all on the subject’s part. “______” is a term that can be applied to a knower from the outside, so to speak.

Answer 20

Justification

Question 21

There may be no reflective knowledge at all on the subject’s part. “Justification” is ______.

Answer 21

a term that can be applied to a knower from the outside, so to speak