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Health > 2nd Semester Test > Flashcards

2nd Semester Test Flashcards

1
Q

Define heart attack, or Myocardial Infarction

A

A sudden loss of blood to the heart mussel resulting in the death of any tissue or muscle in that area

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2
Q

Define plaque

A

Fatty deposits

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3
Q

Define Aneurysm

A

A weakening wall of blood vessels often at high risk for bursting

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4
Q

Define stroke (Cerebrovascular Accident)

A

A sudden attack or weakness or paralysis that occurs when a blood vessel in the brain bursts or becomes blocked

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5
Q

What is Hypertension?

A

Chronic (having it ALL THE TIME) blood pressure.

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6
Q

What are the warning signs of a heart attack?

A

Pain in the chest, and spreading pain in the shoulders, neck, and arms. Also may include chest discomfort combined with lightheadedness, fainting, sweating, nausea, and shortness of breath

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7
Q

What are the warning signs of a stroke?

A

Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, an arm or a leg, trouble seeing in one or both eyes, sudden dizziness or loss of coordination, or a sudden severe head ache

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8
Q

What is considered a healthy blood pressure reading?

A

Less than 120/80

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9
Q

What is CVD?

What are controllable and uncontrollable risk factors of it?

A

Cardiovascular disease

Genes
Smoking

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10
Q

Explain the components of an energy model.

A

CO does not occur naturally in the blood stream, but H2O and O2 go into the cell and then CO2 goes back into the blood stream.

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11
Q

What is LDL cholesterol? HDL? What are the differences between the two?

A

Low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein.

LDL is bad cholesterol,HDL is good.

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12
Q

Cancer

A

A disease caused by an uncontrollable division of abnormal cells in a certain part of the human body.

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13
Q

Tumor

A

A swelling part of the body that is caused by an abnormal growth of tissue

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14
Q

What’s the difference between benign rumors and migrant tumors

A

Benign tumors are non cancerous and cannot attack neighboring tissues, malignant tumors are the opposite

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15
Q

Metastasis

A

A secondary growth that’s separate from where cancer first started it growth

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16
Q

What the most common type of cancer?

A

Breast cancer

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17
Q

What cancer causes the most deaths per year?

A

Lung cancer

18
Q

What are ways to treat cancer?

A 
Biopsy (removal of tissue to look) 
Surgery (removal of tumor) 
Radiation 
Chemotherapy (anti-cancer drugs) 
Immunotherapy (immune system stimulated)
19
Q

What are ways to reduce risk of cancer? (9steps)

A

Know 8 warnings, tobacco free, sun protection, antioxidants/drink from plastic, good weight/body composition, no alcohol, no dangerous chemicals/air born fibers, no air pollution, know your family’s cancer history.

20
Q

What’s the ABCD of skin cancer?

A 
Asymmetry (mole not symmetrical)
Border (mole irregular, fuzzy, raised)
Color (black, grey, red, or blue) 
Diameter (larger than 6 mm)
Evolution (changing over time)
21
Q

Whats Diabetes, and what are its warning signs?

A

A condition when the pancreas does not produce enough and/or can’t use insulin.

22
Q

What’s the role of insulin?

A

hormone that regulates blood sugar level, by removing glucose from the blood stream

23
Q

How do you reduce the risk of and/or treat diabetes?

A

Don’t be overweight, female, over 40, or have a family history

Caused by a auto immune disease,
will need daily insulin injection

24
Q

What are the differences and similarities between type one and type two diabetes?

A

Type one can’t produce insulin at all, and is an autoimmune disease

Type two produces very little or produces insulin that resists cells

25
Q

What are the functions of carbohydrates? (6)

A

Providing energy and regulation of blood glucose, Sparing the use of protein for energy, Breakdown fatty acids preventing keypads

26
Q

What are 2 examples of complex and simple carbohydrates

A

Whole grains, vegetables

Milk, honey

27
Q

What function do proteins serve?

A

Most of the work for the cells, for structure, and the regulation of the body’s tissues and organs

28
Q

What are 2 examples of complete and incomplete proteins?

A

Complete proteins contain all 9 amino acids, eggs and fish

White bread, rice

29
Q

What is the function of fat? (3)

A

Backup source of energy when carbohydrates are unavailable, absorbs certain nutrients, and maintains your core body temp.

30
Q

List 2 examples of unsaturated, saturated, and trans fat

A

Sunflower, fish
Lamb, butter
Cakes, crackers

31
Q

What’s the function of water?

A

Water is used in cells, organs, and tissues to help regulate temp. and to help maintain other functions of the body.

32
Q

What is the function of vitamins and minerals?

A

They are essential nutrients, they perform hundreds of roles in the body. (shoreing bones, heal wounds, bolster immune system, covert food to energy, repair cells, etc…)

33
Q

Identify the importance of fiber in our diet and provide a food source

A

Helps prevent heart disease, diabetes, weight gain, etc..

Wheat, corn, and rice bran

34
Q

What are the characteristics of Chronic Bronchitis?

A

Inflination and swelling if the lining air way us. Could stimulate production of mucus causing even more blockage

35
Q

What are the characteristics of Emphysema?

A

It’s a condition that makes it so the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness

36
Q

Leukoplakia

A

A disease which causes bone marrow and other blood forming organs to produce increase numbers of immature of abnormal leukocytes

37
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

A disease caused by a build up of fatty material on the inside walls of ones arteries

38
Q

Define Cardiovascular disease, what are its 4 forms?

A

Disease disorders that result Fro damage to the heart and blood vessels.

Atherosclerosis, hypertension (high blood pressure), heart attack, and stroke.

58
Q

What do saturated fats doV

A

Raise the level of cholesterol in the blood

59
Q

Trans fat

A

Unsaturated fatty acids, can increase risk of atherosclerosis

Health (5 decks)

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