2nd Mastery Flashcards
What is Marketing Mix?
Is the set of strategies that marketers use to effectively determine the needs of their target markets, and to sell products that will respond to these needs.
Is the set of strategies that marketers use to effectively determine the needs of their target markets, and to sell products that will respond to these needs.
Marketing Mix
What are the elements of Marketing Mix?
- Products
- Price
- Place
- Promotion
are the tangible objects that a company sells to customers
Products
refer to the components of a product
Levels of Product
Levels of Product
- Core Product
- Actual Product
- Augmented Product
Classification of Products
- Consumer Goods
- Industrial Goods
is the reason or the benefit that a customer can get out from that product
Core Product
The tangible properties of the product; the features and packaging
Actual Product
Add-ons aside from what is being offered.
Augmented Product
Products/goods purchased by consumers for their own use.
Consumer Goods
Food (Cassification of Products)
Consumer Goods
Haircut (Cassification of Products)
Consumer Goods
Clothes (Cassification of Products)
Consumer Goods
Metals (Cassification of Products)
Industrial Goods
Minerals (Cassification of Products)
Industrial Goods
Is a process that involves the conceptualization and creation of new product.
New Product Development
Stages of product development
- Idea Generation
- Idea Screening
- Concept Development and Screening
- Market and Business Planning
- Product Development
- Test Marketing
- Commercialization
Commercialization
- Soft Launch
- Full Scale Launch
searches for and surveys new ideas.
Idea Generation
weighing possible pros and cons
Idea Screening
transitioning from idea to concept
Concept Development and Screening
planning on how to market
Market and Business Planning
creation of the prototype
Product Development
Product Development – creation of the prototype
Product Prototype
the output created
Product Prototype
product testing to a group of customers (sample size) in terms of marketability with
specific location
Test Marketing
product launching
Commercialization
product testing to a group of customers (sample size) in terms of useability
Soft Launch
official launching that includes the 4Ps of Marketing.
Full Scale Launch
Is a group of similar products offered by the same company
Product Line
Hair Care
Product Line
Skin Care
Product Line
Toilet and Bath
Product Line
Introduction
product is launched in the market
gains acceptance in the market
Growth
been a market player and competition has also increased.
Maturity
profits and sales continue to decrease.
Decline
Until supply lasts
Sunset
discounts or markdowns
Harvest
tie up or focus to one segment
Concentrated
Marketing Strategies for Service Firms
• Selecting and Training Employees
• Associating effective customer service with employee
motivation
• Delivering high quality service
• Building a strong and loyal customer base
• Selecting and Training Employees
• Associating effective customer service with employee
motivation
• Delivering high quality service
• Building a strong and loyal customer base
Marketing Strategies for Service Firms
set amount customers have to pay
Price
Pricing Approaches
• In cost pricing
• Perceived value pricing
• Competitive Pricing
Selling price is set based on the competitors price.
Competitive Pricing
Selling price is set based on the customer’s perceived value
Perceived value pricing
Selling price is computed using the fixed and variable cost
In cost pricing
is computed using the fixed and variable cost
Selling price
direct expenses on materials and labors
Variable costs
expenses which firms cannot do away regardless of production
Selling price is computed using ______ and ______ _____.
• Fixed costs
• Variable costs
when revenue equals the expenses
Break even point
estimation of the market demand of a good in the future
Demand Forecast
estimation of quantity of goods that can be sold
Sales Forecast
added amount that will determine the profit.
Mark up
Setting the Price for a Product
• Marketing Objectives
• Research and development costs
• Market structure
• Elasticity of Demand
• Laws
setting of price based on regulations.
Laws
relationship between consumer demand and the changes in the price of goods
Elasticity of Demand
Elasticity of Demand
• Elastic demand
• Inelastic demand
• Perfectly elastic demand
find favorable substitute to a product
Perfectly elastic demand
consumers do not respond to a change in price.
Inelastic demand
consumers respond to a change in price.
Elastic demand
Market structure
• Monopoly
• Oligopoly
one seller may set the price and all others will follow
Oligopoly
prices are set primarily by the manufacturer
Monopoly
pricing depends on the structure of the market.
Market structure
pricing depends on the expenses incurred in research
and development of new product.
Research and development costs
pricing depends on the goals of the company.
Marketing Objectives
Pricing Schemes
• In product bundle pricing
• Main or Captive product pricing
• Product line pricing
• Market penetration pricing
• Market skimming
starts with higher price then gradually decreasing it.
Market skimming
initially setting a low price to attract
customers.
Market penetration pricing
price varies on the variations of goods.
Product line pricing
main product is charge at lower price but additional charge go with it.
Main or Captive product pricing
individual products are put together to create one whole bundle.
In product bundle pricing
The channel of distribution with the use of marketing intermediaries
Place
an entity that links producers and consumers
Marketing intermediaries
is classified according to distribution intensity
Channel of distribution
Channel of distribution
- Intensive
- Selective
- Exclusive
only one intermediaries
Exclusive
needs few intermediaries
Selective
needs many intermediaries
Intensive
Marketing Intermediaries
• Manufacturers
• Distributorship
• Wholesaling
• Retailing
selling of products directly to the final consumer
Retailing
selling of products for business use
Wholesaling
selected by manufacturers to buy goods for
resale
Distributorship
makers of the product
Manufacturers
individuals engaged in retailing
Retailers
Types of Retailing
• Sari – Sari Stores
• Supermarkets
• Drugstores
• Department Stores
• Convenience Stores
• Hypermarkets
• Non store retailing
selling of goods in mediums outside a physical store like e-commerce.
Non store retailing
a huge superstores that are bigger and more spacious than supermarkets.
Hypermarkets
stores that carry a limited number of goods
Convenience Stores
large stores which offer a variety of products that are organized into departments.
Department Stores
composed of pharmacies found in malls or stand alone in convenient location
Drugstores
there’s high efficiency in providing the product.
Supermarkets
small retail shops found in the neighborhood
Sari – Sari Stores
selling products to merchandisers or producers for business use
Wholesaling
Wholesaling
• Merchant wholesalers
• Full service wholesalers
provide wide range of services to their customers such as recruitment, inventory and delivery of goods
Full service wholesalers
buy goods in bulk and resell them with a mark up
Merchant wholesalers
Full service wholesalers
• General merchandise wholesalers
• Limited line wholesalers
• Specialty line wholesalers
• Brokers and agents
third party business transactions
Brokers and agents
Brokers and agents
• Brokers
• Agents
facilitate the purchase of goods between buyers and sellers
Brokers
act in behalf of the seller.
Agents
Promotions
• Advertising
• Personal Selling
• Sales Promotion
• Public Relations
• Direct Marketing
communicates with consumers directly without the help of middlemen
Direct Marketing
Direct Marketing
Call to action
Call to action
Door to door, emails, telemarketing, direct response tv, e-commerce
gives marketers an effective way to evaluate the effectiveness
Call to action
communicating with the media and the public for positive image
Public Relations
Sales Promotion
• Consumer Schemes
• Trade promotions
sales promotions intended for wholesalers and retailers.
Trade promotions
sales promotions intended for consumers
Consumer Schemes
Consumer Schemes
Discounts, coupons, cash rewards, gift certificates
activities which help increase sales for a product or service
Sales Promotion
face to face technique using the art of persuasion through the sales person’s knowledge and skills
Personal Selling
non personal form of communication and the most expressive of promotion types.
Advertising
Advertising Examples
• Television
• Billboards
placed along highways
Billboards
most widely used medium
Television
Advertising Elements
• Reach
• Frequency
• Impact
value of exposure
Impact
number of times it reached to the target market
Frequency
percentage of exposed
target market
Reach
Advertising Objectives
• To inform
• To persuade
• To compare
• To remind
Advertising Execution
• Lifestyle
• Slice of Life
• Fantasy
• Mood
• Musical
• Technical/Scientific Evidence
• Testimonial
feedbacking
Testimonial
to assert a product’s superiority
Technical/Scientific Evidence
through music
Musical
a spur of the moment emotion
Mood
exaggeration
Fantasy
day to day activities
Slice of Life
the way you live
Lifestyle