2nd book Ch.1 all sections Flashcards
cell
in biology, the smallest unit that can preform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm
cell membrane
a phospholipid layer that covers a cell’s surface; acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s environment
organelle
one of the small bodies in a cells cytoplasm that are specialized to preform a specific function
nucleus
in a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cells DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction
prokaryote
an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus
eukaryote
an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include animals, plants, and fungi, but not archaebacteria or eubacteria
cell wall
a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell
ribosome
cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis
endoplasmic reticulum
a system of membranes that is found in a cells cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids
mitochondrion
in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration
Golgi Complex
cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell
vesicle
a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell
lysosome
a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes
tissue
a group of similar cells that preform a common function
organ
a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body
