Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Blood Conservation Techniques - Hemoconcentration > 2F5 > Flashcards

2F5 Flashcards

1
Q

hemoconcentration definition

A

use of membrane to concentrate blood components by removing plasma water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is hemoconcentration driven by?

A

convection and transmembrane pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

hemofiltration definition

A

use of membrane in conjunction with fluid replacement to reduce the concentration of water-soluble components of plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is hemofiltration driven by?

A

convection and transmembrane pressure gradient between blood and ultra filtrate side of membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

hemodialysis definition

A

use of membrane in conjunction with fluid dialysate to remove water-soluble components from plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is hemodialysis driven by?

A

diffusion gradient across the membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

ultrafiltration definition

A

generic term for the removal of plasma water and its soluble components from blood via convection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is “ultrafiltrate”

A

fluid removed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is hemoconcentration used for on CPB

A

to effective remove excess fluid in the ECC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does hemoconcentration help control?

A

circulating volume and HCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

hemoconcentration helps maintain ____ pressure by….

A

helps maintain oncotic pressure by retaining plasma proteins and removing excess plasma water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is Pre-Buf?

pre-CPB ultrafiltration of pump prime

A

addition of banked blood to prime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

when would blood to prime in Pre-Buf be harmful?

A

to neonate patients who blood volume less than prime volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how is primed circuit blood delivered?

A

under pressure into the ultrafilter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how is ultra filtrate handled to maintain operating level in reservoir?

A

removal balanced with addition of balanced electrolyte solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is conventional ultrafiltration (CUF)?

A

means of managing CPB circuit volume and increasing hematocrit without bank blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how is CUF set up during CPB

A

receive blood from high-pressure arterial side of circuit and return blood to low-pressure venous side of circuit

18
Q

what is a consideration when using conventional ultrafiltration?

A

must have adequate volume in venous reservoir to safely remove ultra filtrate and maintain optimal flows during CPB

19
Q

when is CUF used?

A
  • after aortic declamp
  • during rewarming
  • UF in parallel with CPB
  • Inlet after the oxygenator
  • UF blood return into venous reservoir
20
Q

what are the advantages of CUF

A
  • does not delay surgical times

- removes UF during highest mediator production phase

21
Q

what are the disadvantages of CUF

A

it might quickly empty reservoir volume

22
Q

what are the continuous ultrafiltration replacement

A

ZBUF
HVUF
DUF

23
Q

what is ZBUF

A

zero balance

24
Q

what is HVUF

A

high volume

25
Q

what is DUF

A

dilutional

26
Q

what is the goal of continuous ultrafiltration replacement?

A

goal to remove 3-6 L of ultra filtrate

27
Q

when do you ultrafiltrate?

A

at 200 ml/min during rewarming

28
Q

what is the post CPB ultrafiltration?

A

MUF

29
Q

what is MUF used for?

A

technique developed to reduce total body water and tissue edema that results after pediatric CPB

30
Q

what is AV-MUF

A

blood from aorta pumped through filter returned to RA

31
Q

what are alternative MUF configurations? .

A

VV MUF

VA MUF

32
Q

considerations for MUF

A
  • delays protamine administration

- possible air entrapment in AV MUF

33
Q

what are the advantages of MUF

A

significantly high efficiency

34
Q

what are the disadvantages of MUF

A
  • cumbersome procedure
  • patient cooling
  • hemodynamic instability
35
Q

potential role of UF in post CPB

A

capillary leak syndrome

36
Q

what is possibly removed in post CPB UF

A

inflammation mediators

-C3a, C5a, IL-6a, IL-8a, TNF, MDF, ET-1

37
Q

what else could possibly result from UF in post CPB

A

total body water reduction

  • tissue edema decrease
  • hematocrit increase
  • coagulation factors concentration
  • decreased need of hemoderivates
38
Q

UF on left ventricular function

A
  1. myocardial edema decrease
  2. DO2 increase
  3. left ventricular compliance increase
  4. systolic and diastolic function improvement
39
Q

what is monitored for hemodialysis during CPB

A

monitoring of patient’s blood electrolytes and metabolites

monitoring of arterial shunt created for dialysis as to not reduce actual blood flow to patient

40
Q

what is circuit salvage post CPB

A

preserves plasma proteins and coagulation factors

-heparin will be in rein fusion product so protamine reversal doses must be considered

41
Q

what is sieving coefficient?

A

defines its movement across a membrane

as value of S approaches 1.0, its ability to diffuse through membrane increases

42
Q

sieving coefficient equation

A

S = drug concentration in ultrafiltrate/ drug at filter inlet

Blood Conservation Techniques - Hemoconcentration (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions