2F Flashcards

1
Q
  • ENVIRONMENTAL THEORY
    o Contains three major relationships:
    ▪ EnvironmenttoPatient
    ▪ NursetoEnvironment
    ▪ NursetoPatient
    o Theory of the five essential components of environmental health
    ▪ pureair
    ▪ purewater
    ▪ efficientdrainage
    ▪ cleanliness
    ▪ light
    o THEORETICAL ASSERTIONS: Disease was a reparative process; disease was nature’s effort to remedy a process of poisoning or decay, or a reaction against the conditions in which a person was placed.
A

FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
  • PHILOSOPHY & SCIENCE OF CARING
    o Caring can be effectively demonstrated and practiced only interpersonally.
    o Caring consists of curative factors that result in the satisfaction of certain human needs.
    o Effective caring promotes health and individual or family growth.
    o Caring responses accept person not only as he or she is now but as what he or she may become.
    o The practice of caring is central to nursing.
A

JEAN WATSON

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ADAPTATION MODEL
PERSON
ENVIRONMENT
HEALTH
NURSING
ADAPTATION

A

SISTER CALLISTA ROY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

SYSTEM MODELS
o The theory is based on the person’s relationship to stress, the response to it, and reconstitution
factors that are progressive in nature.
o The Neuman Systems Model presents a broad, holistic and system-based method to nursing
that maintains a factor of flexibility.
o It focuses on the response of the patient system to actual or potential environmental stressors and the maintenance of the client system’s stability through primary, secondary and tertiary nursing prevention intervention to reduce
stressors.

A

BETTY NEUMAN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

INTERACTING SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK AND THEORY OF THE GOAL –
o The theory describes a dynamic, interpersonal relationship in which a patient grows and develops to attain certain life goals. The theory explains that factors which can affect the attainment of goals are roles, stress, space and time.
o The model has three interacting systems: personal, interpersonal, and social. Each of these systems has its own set of concepts. The concepts for the personal system are perception, self, growth and development, body image, space, and time. The concepts for the interpersonal system are interaction, communication, transaction, role and stress. The concepts for the social system are organization, authority, power, status, and decision- making.

A

IMOGENE KING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  • SELF-CARE DEFICIT THEORY OF NURSING
    o NURSING - “The act of assisting others in provision and management of self-care to maintain/improve human functioning at home level of effectiveness.”
    o Focuses on activities that adult individuals perform on their own behalf to maintain life, health and well- being; identified three related concepts:
    ▪ Self-care: activities an individual performs independently throughout life to promote and maintain personal well-being.
    ▪ Health: results when individual’s ability is not adequate to meet the known self-care needs.
    ▪ Nursing system: nursing interventions needed when individual is unable to perform the necessary self-care activities.
A

DOROTHEA OREM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

BEHAVIORAL SYSTEM MODEL
A model of nursing care that advocates the fostering of efficient and effective behavioral functioning in the patient to prevent illness.
o The patient is identified as a behavioral system composed of seven behavioral subsystems: affiliative, dependency, ingestive, eliminative, sexual, aggressive, and achievement.
o The three functional requirements for each subsystem include protection from noxious influences, provision for a nurturing environment, and stimulation for growth.
o An imbalance in any of the behavioral subsystems results in disequilibrium. It is nursing’s role to assist the client to return to a state of equilibrium.

A

DOROTHY JOHNSON

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  • CONCEPTUAL MODEL: THE HELPING ART OF CLINICAL NURSING
    o CLINICAL NURSING: directed toward meeting the patient’s perceived need-for-help (based on individual perception).
    o The nurse administers the help needed and validates that the need-for-help was met.
    o Four main elements of Clinical Nursing: Philosophy, Purpose, Practice and Art
A

ERNESTINE WIEDENBACH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  • CARE, CORE, CURE MODEL
    o Defined NURSING as: “Participation in Care, Core and Cure aspects of patient care, where CARE is the sole function of nurses, whereas the CORE and CURE are shared with other
    members of the health team.”
    o Professional nursing care hastened recovery
    and that as less medical care was needed, more professional nursing care and teaching were
    necessary.
    o Nursing functions differ using three (3) interlocking
    circles to represent aspects of the patient: CARE
    (body), CURE (disease) and CORE (person).
    o Nurses function in all three circles but to different
    MODULE 2F – CONCEPTS OF NURSING
    degrees.
A

LYDIA HALL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  • CONSERVATION MODEL
    oTHREE MAJOR CONCEPTS:
    ▪ WHOLENESS – “a sound, organic,
    progressive mutuality between diversified functions and parts within an entirety” (Erikson, 1969).
    ▪ ADAPTATION – “a process of change whereby the individual retains his integrity within the realities of his internal and external environment” (Levine, 1973).
    ▪ CONSERVATION – “describes the way complex systems are able to continue to function even when severely challenged” (Levine, 1990).
  • (Energy, Personal
    Integrity).
A

MYRA ESTRIN LEVINE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  • THE SCIENCE OF UNITARY HUMAN BEINGS
    o Rested on a set of basic assumptions that described the life process in human beings.
    o Human beings are dynamic energy fields integral with environmental fields.
    o The Life Process is characterized by: Wholeness, Openness, Unidirectionality, Pattern and Organization, Sentience, and Thought.
    o Four (4) building blocks of the model: Energy Field, Universe of Open Systems, Pattern, Pandimensionality.
A

MARTHA ROGERS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

NURSING AS CARING: A MODEL FOR TRANSFORMING PRACTICE
o The focus of nursing is nurturing persons living caring and growin in caring. As an expression of nursing, caring is the intentional and authentic presence of the nurse with another person who is recognized as living caring and growing in caring.
o The most basic premise of the theory is that all human are caring persons, that to be human is to be called to live one’s innate caring nature. Developing the full potential of expressing caring is an ideal and for practical purposes, is a lifelong process.
o THE MAJOR ASSUMPTIONS ARE:
▪ Persons are caring by virtue to their
humanness
▪ Persons live their caring moment to
moment
▪ Persons are whole or complete in the
moment
▪ Personhood is living grounded in
caring
▪ Personhood is enhanced through
participating in nurturing relationships
with caring others
▪ Nursing is both a discipline and a
profession.

A

ANN BOYKIN & SAVINA SCHOENHOFFER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

THEORY OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS
o Used the psychological model to develop the middle- range descriptive theory.
o Focuses on the Individual, Nurse, and the Interactive Process (NursePatient Relationship).
▪ CLIENT-isanindividualwithafeltneed. ▪ NURSE - serves as a stranger, resource person, teacher, leader, surrogate and
counselor.
▪ NURSING - is an interpersonal and
therapeutic process, its goal is to educate the client and family, help the client reach mature personality development.

A

HILDEGARD PEPLAU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

THEORY OF BUREAUCRATIC CARING

A

Marilyn Ray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

NOVICE TO EXPERT THEORY

A

Patricia Benner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

PROPOSED PHILOSOPHY OF CARING

A

Kari Martinse

17
Q

MODELING AND ROLE-MODELING THEORY OF
NURSING

A

Helen Lorraine Eriksson, Evelyn Tomlin, and Mary Anne Swain

18
Q

MATERNAL ROLE ATTAINMENT THEORY

A

Ramona Merce

19
Q

THEORY OF UNCERTAINTY IN ILLNESS

A

Merle Mishe

20
Q

THEORY OF SELF-TRANSCENDENCE

A

Pamela Reed

21
Q

THEORY OF ILLNESS TRAJECTORY

A

Carolyn Wiener

22
Q

THEORY OF CHRONIC SORROW

A

Georgene Gaskil Eakes, Mary Lermann Burke, and Margaret Hainsworth

23
Q

THE TIDAL MODEL OF NURSING

A

Phil Barker

24
Q

THEORY OF COMFORT

A

Katharine Kolcaba

25
Q

THEORY OF POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION

A

Cheryl Tatano-Beck

26
Q

THEORY OF CARING

A

Kristen Swanson

27
Q

PEACEFUL END OF LIFE THOERY

A

Cornelia Ruland and Shirley Moore

28
Q

FOURTEEN BASIC HUMAN NEEDS
o Emphasized the art of nursing and identified fourteen (14) basic human needs on which nursing care is
based.
o NURSING: “Assisting the individual, sick or well, in
the performance of those activities that will contribute to health, recovery, or a peaceful death and that the individual would perform unaided if he or she had the necessary strength, will or knowledge and to do this in such a way to help him gain independence as rapidly as possible.”

A

VIRGINIA HENDERSON

29
Q

TYPOLOGY OF TWENTY-ONE NURSING PROBLEMS
o Views nursing as both an art and a science that molds the attitude, intellectual competencies and technical skills of the individual nurse to help people (well or ill) cope with their health needs.
o Based on the problem-solving method (vehicle for delineating nursing problems as the patient moves toward a healthy outcome).
o Progressed to a second-generation development of patient problems and patient outcomes.

A

FAYE GLENN ABDELLAH

30
Q

NURSING PROCESS THEORY
o One of the first nursing leaders to identify and emphasize the elements of the nursing process and the critical importance of the patient’s
participation in the nursing process.
o NURSING PROCESS – the action process by
the nurse in a nurse patient contact.
▪ Observationoftheother’sbehavior
▪ Perception: The resulting thought
about this observation
▪ Feeling originating from the person’s
perception or thought
▪ An Action chosen by each individual
in response to the reaction

A

IDA JEAN ORLANDO-PELLETIER

31
Q

HUMAN-TO-HUMAN RELATIONSHIP THEORY
o Synthesized unique ideas on the therapeutic human relationship between NURSE and PATIENT
o Nursing was accomplished through Human-to- Human relationship that begins with: The original encounter; emerging identities; developing feelings of empathy; sympathy; nurse and patient attained rapport.
o This relationship can be accomplished through an interaction process.

A

JOYCE TRAVELBEE

32
Q
  • HUMANISTIC NURSING THEORY
    o The theory revolves around everyone being their own unique person and how the nurse should understand that. No person or experience is the same.
    o The conceptual framework of the theory is existentialism, and it presents a phenomenological method of inquiry that can be used by nurses to examine and understand their everyday practice.
    o Developed five (5) phases related to the concepts: preparation of the nurse knower for coming to know; nurse knowing of the other intuitively; nurse knowing the other scientifically; nurse complementarily synthesizing known others; succession within the nurse from the many to the paradoxical one.
A

JOSEPHINE PATERSON & LORETTE ZDERAD

33
Q
  • CULTURE CARE THOERY OF DIVERSITY AND UNIVERSALITY
    o Goal of the Theory: To improve and to provide culturally congruent care to people that is beneficial, will fit with, and will be useful to the client, family or culture group healthy lifeways.
    o Involves knowing and understanding different cultures with respect to nursing and health-illness caring practices, beliefs and values with the goal to provide meaningful and efficacious nursing care services to people according
A

MADELIENE LENNINGER

34
Q
  • THEORY OF HUMAN BECOMING
    o It presents an alternative to most of the other theories of nursing, which take a bio-medical or
    bio-psychosocial-spiritual approach.
    o The three major assumptions about human
    becoming are:
    ▪ MEANING:HumanBecomingisfreely
    choosing personal meaning in situations in the intersubjective process of living value priorities. Man’s reality is given meaning through lived experiences. Man and environment co-create.
    ▪ RHYTHMICITY: Human Becoming is co-creating rhythmical patterns of relating in mutual process with the universe. Man and environment co- create (imaging, valuing, languaging) in rhythmical patterns.
    ▪ TRANSCENDENCE: Becoming is
    Human co-transcending multidimensionally with emerging possible. Refers to reaching out and beyond the limits that a person sets.
    One constantly transforms.
A

ROSEMARIE RIZZO PARSE

35
Q

LIFE PERSPECTIVE RHYTHM MODEL
o THE MAJOR ASSUMPTIONS ARE:
o The process of human development is characterized by rhythms that occur within the context of continuous person-environment interaction.”
o Nursing activity focuses on enhancing the developmental process toward health.
o A central concern of nursing science and the nursing profession is the meaning attributed to life as the basic understanding of human existence.
o The identification and labeling of concepts allows for
recognition and communication with others, and the rules for combining those concepts permits thoughts to be shared through language.

A

JOYCE FITZPATRICK