2.d. Levels of organisation Flashcards
When is tissue formed?
When close cells differentiate in the same way and group together
What are the three types of tissue?
- Epithelial
- Muscular
- Connective
What is the role of epithelial tissue? (2)
- To cover/line
- To protect and secrete
Epithelial cells have no blood vessels, what similar structure might they have?
Nerve endings
What is a basement membrane made of?
Collagen and protein
Where are cuboidal epithelial cells found?
- Kidney nephron
- Ducts of salivary glands
Where are columnar epithelial cells found?
In lining tubes (e.g. oviduct/trachea)
Where are squamous epithelial cells found?
- Alveoli walls
- Lining of the renal capsule of the nephron
What are the three types of muscular tissue?
- Skeletal
- Smooth
- Cardiac
What are other names used for skeletal and smooth muscle?
- Skeletal= Striped/striated
- Smooth= Unstriped/unstriated
Give 4 points about the properties of skeletal muscle
- Attached to bones
- Long cells (or fibres) give powerful contraction
- Tire easily
- Voluntary muscles
Why are skeletal muscles ‘voluntary’ muscles?
You can choose whether or not to contract the muscles
Give 4 points about the properties of smooth muscle
- Made up of individual, spindle-shaped cells
- Contract rhythmically
- Less powerful than skeletal
- Involuntary
Where is smooth muscle found? (3)
- Skin
- Blood vessel walls
- Digestive/respiratory tracts
Describe the structure of cardiac muscle in 4 points
- Never tires
- Striped
- Can modify contraction
- BUT contract rhythmically w/out stimulation
