2c - RFOP - Genetics

Question 1

Human genome - how do our genes vary

HINT SNPs

Answer 1

• about 20000 genes in human genome
• roughly we’re same in 99.9%
• SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphs) make us different
• SOME SNPs ARE FUNCTIONAL (change the coded protein) OR INFLUENCE THE ACTIVITY OF THE GENE PROMOTER

Question 2

1
What is heritability of a disease

2
why is it important to quantify?

3 how do determine heritability of a disease?

Answer 2

Question 3

Do heritability factors affect cause periodontitis

(Change q???)

Answer 3

Question 4

How do we inherit diseases?

Answer 4

• not clear whether periodontitis heredibility is due to single or gene defects or polygenic diseases

Question 5

Case study 1 + 2

Answer 5

Answer 6

Answer 7

Question 8

What can exposure of host to pathogen lead to?

Answer 8

• Resistance
• Sub-clinical infection
• Infection (mild to severe)

Question 9

What is PERIODONTAL INFECTOGENOMICS?

Answer 9

Study of the effect of host genetic variants on the composition of the sub gingival microbiota

Question 10

What is genetic dysbiosis?

Answer 10

Shift in composition of biofilm due to host genetic variants

(Thus meaning host genetics has an impact on biofilmComposition)

Question 11

Epigenetics (DON’T NEED TO GO INTO DETAIL CAN SKIP)

Answer 11

• epigenetics is organisation of what genes switch on and off
• can have certain genetic makeup but important how genes activate and switch on and off - can affect heredibility to disease

Question 12

How can we use the knowledge we have about genetics in clinic to further research

Answer 12

Question 13

13 minutes onward (ignore???)

Answer 13

Question 14

13 minutes onward (ignore???)

Answer 14

• need more research to be able to use this information in clinic

Question 15

Do we know what genetic variants affect the response to periodontal treatment?

Answer 15

• not really - very little evidence

Question 16

Summary

Answer 16

Question 17

Objectives answers summary

Answer 17