2C neurotransmitters and neuromodulators Flashcards
neural synapse
the region that includes the axon terminals of the presynaptic neuron, the synaptic gap, and the dendrites of the postsynaptic neuron
presynaptic neuron
the neuron that releases neurochemicals into the neural synapse
axon terminal
the end of a neuron that releases neurochemicals into the neural synapse
synaptic gap
the space between the presynaptic neuron and the postsynaptic neuron
postsynaptic neuron
the neuron that receives neurochemicals from the neural synapse
dendrite
a branched extension of a neuron on which receptor sites are located
receptor site
a protein molecule on the dendrites of a neuron that receives neurochemicals
neurochemical
a chemical substance that transmits neural information within the nervous system
synaptic transmission
the chemical conveyance of neural information between two neurons across a neural synapse
neurotransmitter
a chemical molecule that has an effect on one or two postsynaptic neurons
action potential
an electrical impulse that travels down the axon of a neuron
excitatory effect
Increasing the likelihood that the neuron will fire an action potential
glutamate
An excitatory neurotransmitter that is involved in memory and learning
inhibitory effect
Decreasing the likelihood that the neuron will fire an action potential
GABA
the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the nervous system associated with calming feelings of anxiety, stress, or fear
dopamine
A neuromodulator that is involved in drive, motivation and motor movement
serotonin
A neuromodulator that is involved in mood stabilisation.
