2C - Increasing Water Supply Examples Flashcards
1
Q
Describe the China water transfer
A
Planned to $62 billion project: tranfer 44.8 billion cubic metres of water every year from south to north
2
Q
Describe 3 advantages of the China water transfer
A
- Provides water in Beijing & Tianjin
- Allows industry to develop = more wealth
- Provides water for irrigating farmland = crops
3
Q
Describe 4 disadvantages of China water transfer
A
- Large areas flooded = destroying habitats
- Huge construction works = damage ecosystems
- Raising dam of Reservoir flooded productive farmland & forced 345,000 people to move
- Now have less land & poorly built housing
- Received little compensation & unemployed
- Water it supplies to Beijing = very expensive for consumers
- Supplies to urban areas
- Urban poor + rural areas have no acess
- Water stress in south will increases (a lot water diverted)
- During severe droughts = won’t be enough for drinking/irrigation for 30 million locals
4
Q
Kenya is using ___ ___ to create a sustainable water supply
A
Sand Dams
5
Q
Describe how Kenya has little water (3x)
A
- Few heavy downpours per year
- Rivers only flow during rainy season
- During dry season = water evaporates
6
Q
How are sand dams helped the Kenyan people?
A
Gives them acess to water all year round
7
Q
Describe how sand dams work
A
- Low dam built across river
- During rainy season = when water flowing in river = course material trapped behind dam
- Water gets trapped between sand particles
- Sand prevents water from being evaporated in dry season
- When river stops flowing = water extracted by digging well, piping water through dam to tap or digging holes
8
Q
Name 3 advantages of sand dams
A
- Cheap to build
- Use local materials
- Don’t require much maintenance
9
Q
What is the disadvantage of sand dams?
A
1/3 of what gets trapped behind dam = water
10
Q
How are sand dams mantained?
A
Height of dam = raised each year to trap more sand & more water
