2B.1 Flashcards
a) What is the littoral zone?
a coastal zone
a) What is the back-shore?
the area usually above the influence of the waves which changes. This contains the storm beaches as well as pebbles and berms, shingles and ridges
a) What is the foreshore?
the inter-tidal or surf zone which contains sand runnels or ridges which has the most energy (dynamic)
a) What is the nearshore?
the breaker zone which contains long shore bars and break point bar.
a) What is the offshore?
Beyond influences of the waves which has the least action.
a) What zone is most influenced by humans?
backshore
What are inputs on the beach? a
Marine - waves/storms
Atmospheric - weather/climate
Terrestrial - geology
People - activity, management
What are processes on the beach? a
Weathering
Mass movement
Erosion
Transportation
What are outputs on the beach? a
Erosion land forms
Deposition land forms
Different coast types
How are coasts classified? a
geology, energy level. formation processes, sea level changes, erosion and deposition balance, formation processes
What is an example of a sandy beach? a
Belgium coastline
- vegetation stabilises coast
What is an example of a estuarine coastline? a
Lymington on the south coast of England
- mud flats
- gradual slope to sea
What is the difference of a primary/secondary coast? a
primary = land processes secondary = marine dominated
What is the difference between a emergent and submergent coastline? a
Emergent = coast rising by sea level change Submergent = flooded coasts by sea by sinking land
What is the difference between a low and higher energy coastline? a
low = sheltered, limited fetch, low wind high = exposed, prevailing winds, fetch, strong winds
What does the teeside-ex line show in the UK? a
That the north has glaciated due to harder rocks eg granite and basalt (igneous), rocky (cornwall), southern area has softer flatter rocks (malleable)
How do you classify a coast? b
using the circle (advancing coasts/retreating coast) (emergence/submergence) (deposition/erosion)
What features are on a rocky cliff face? c
destructive waves erosion processes rock falls clay slumping tourism
What features are on a coastal plain or estuarine? c
muddy The WASH lowland flat areas low energy build up of sediment flood plains trade links
What features are on a sandy beach?
no LSD swash aligned deposition land occurs low wave energy Tourism and leisure
