2B.1

Question 1

a) What is the littoral zone?

Answer 1

a coastal zone

Question 2

a) What is the back-shore?

Answer 2

the area usually above the influence of the waves which changes. This contains the storm beaches as well as pebbles and berms, shingles and ridges

Question 3

a) What is the foreshore?

Answer 3

the inter-tidal or surf zone which contains sand runnels or ridges which has the most energy (dynamic)

Question 4

a) What is the nearshore?

Answer 4

the breaker zone which contains long shore bars and break point bar.

Question 5

a) What is the offshore?

Answer 5

Beyond influences of the waves which has the least action.

Question 6

a) What zone is most influenced by humans?

Answer 6

backshore

Question 7

What are inputs on the beach? a

Answer 7

Marine - waves/storms
Atmospheric - weather/climate
Terrestrial - geology
People - activity, management

Question 8

What are processes on the beach? a

Answer 8

Weathering
Mass movement
Erosion
Transportation

Question 9

What are outputs on the beach? a

Answer 9

Erosion land forms
Deposition land forms
Different coast types

Question 10

How are coasts classified? a

Answer 10

geology, energy level. formation processes, sea level changes, erosion and deposition balance, formation processes

Question 11

What is an example of a sandy beach? a

Answer 11

Belgium coastline

- vegetation stabilises coast

Question 12

What is an example of a estuarine coastline? a

Answer 12

Lymington on the south coast of England

• mud flats
• gradual slope to sea

Question 13

What is the difference of a primary/secondary coast? a

Answer 13

primary = land processes
secondary = marine dominated

Question 14

What is the difference between a emergent and submergent coastline? a

Answer 14

Emergent = coast rising by sea level change 
Submergent = flooded coasts by sea by sinking land

Question 15

What is the difference between a low and higher energy coastline? a

Answer 15

low = sheltered, limited fetch, low wind
high = exposed, prevailing winds, fetch, strong winds

Question 16

What does the teeside-ex line show in the UK? a

Answer 16

That the north has glaciated due to harder rocks eg granite and basalt (igneous), rocky (cornwall), southern area has softer flatter rocks (malleable)

Question 17

How do you classify a coast? b

Answer 17

using the circle (advancing coasts/retreating coast) (emergence/submergence) (deposition/erosion)

Question 18

What features are on a rocky cliff face? c

Answer 18

destructive waves
erosion processes
rock falls
clay slumping
tourism

Question 19

What features are on a coastal plain or estuarine? c

Answer 19

muddy
The WASH
lowland flat areas
low energy 
build up of sediment
flood plains
trade links

Question 20

What features are on a sandy beach?

Answer 20

no LSD
swash aligned 
deposition land occurs
low wave energy
Tourism and leisure