2b Flashcards
What is the best substance to cook food containing non-polar flavour molecules in?
Water as they will not dissolve in it
What is the best substance to cook food containing polar flavour molecules in?
Oil
Name the functional group in aldehydes and ketones
Carbonyl (CO)
What is the difference between ketones and aldehydes, structurally ?
Aldehydes have the carbonyl group attached to the terminal carbon. In ketones, the carbonyl is attached to any carbon other than the terminal.
How do you tell the difference between an aldehydes and ketone from the name?
Aldehydes end in ‘al’ and ketones end in ‘one’
What are aldehydes and ketones commonly used in?
Flavourings
Give a definition of oxidation in the context of hydrocarbons
An increase in the O:H ratio
Which type of alcohol can be oxidised to aldehydes?
Primary
What is formed when a secondary alcohol is partially oxidised?
A ketone
Which type of alcohol does not undergo partial oxidation?
Tertiary
Which, out of aldehydes or ketone, can be further oxidised? And what to?
Aldehydes to carboxylic acids
Name 4 oxidising agents
Fehling’s solution, Tollen’s solution, Hot copper oxide, acidified potassium dichromate
Describe the colour change when fehling’s solution is reduced?
Blue to red
Which oxidising agent turns from colourless to silver when reduced?
Tollen’s solution
Name the colour change that occurs when hot copper oxide oxidises an aldehyde
Black to brown
