2b Flashcards
What is a catalyst?
A catalyst is a substance which increases the speed of a reaction without being changed or used up in the reaction
Why do enzymes have special shapes?
So they can catalyse reactions
What is needed for an enzyme to work?
The substance involved in the reaction has to fit its shape for the reaction to be catalysed
At what temperature, in the human body, do enzymes work best?
37 degrees
What happens if an enzyme gets too hot?
Bonds holding the enzyme together are broken, so the special shape is destroyed. The enzyme is denatured
What pH do enzymes USUALLY work best at?
pH 7
What pH do protease enzymes work best at?
pH 2
Why does the stomach produce hydrochloric acid?
To kill bacteria and give the right pH for the protease enzyme to work
What do digestive enzymes do?
Break down big molecules into small one so they can pass through the walls of the digestive system
What enzyme converts starch into sugars?
Amylase
Where is amylase made?
- The salivary glands
- The pancreas
- The small intestine
What converts proteins into amino acids?
Protease
What is protease called in the stomach?
Pepsin
Where is protease made?
- The stomach
- The pancreas
- The small intestine
What converts lipids into glycerol and fatty acids?
Lipase
Where is lipase made?
- The pancreas
2. The small intestine
What does amylase convert?
Starch into sugars