2A Membranes And Transport

Question 1

Cell membrane

Answer 1

Partially permeable membrane which surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell, creating a barrier against the external environment

Question 2

Phospholipids

Answer 2

Phosphate group joined with glycerol and 2 fatty acids

Question 3

Passive transport

Answer 3

Transport that takes place due to concentration, pressure or electrochemical gradients and do not require ATP

Question 4

Active transport

Answer 4

Movement of substances in and out of cells using ATP made during cellular respiration

Question 5

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 5

Diffusion that occurs through carrier proteins or protein channels

Question 6

Osmosis

Answer 6

The net movement of free water molecules from an area of high water potential to an area of low water potential down a water potential gradient through a partially permeable membrane

Question 7

Endocytosis

Answer 7

Movement of large molecules into cells through vesicle formation

Question 8

Exocytosis

Answer 8

Movement of large molecules out of cells by the merging of the vesicle containing the molecule and the cell membrane

Question 9

Water potential

Answer 9

Measure of the water’s potential to move out of the cell

Question 10

Osmotic concentration

Answer 10

Measure of the concentration of solutes in a solution

Question 11

Isotonic solution

Answer 11

Osmotic concentration inside cell = Osmotic concentration outside cell

Question 12

Hypotonic solution

Answer 12

Osmotic concentration outside cell < Osmotic concentration inside cell

Question 13

Hypertonic solution

Answer 13

Osmotic concentration outside cell > Osmotic concentration inside cell

Question 14

Phagocytosis

Answer 14

Cell engulfs and encloses it in vesicle (cell eating)

Question 15

Pinocytosis

Answer 15

Cell take in tiny amounts of extra fluid by tiny vesicles (cell drinking)