2a. Medically Important Bacteria

Question 1

Which Gram bacteria has Periplasmic Space?

Answer 1

Gram -.

Question 2

Which Gram bacteria has Teichoic Acid?

Answer 2

Gram +.

Question 3

Which type of Gram bacteria has a thicker cell wall?

Answer 3

Gram +.

Question 4

Which Gram bacteria has an outer membrane?

Answer 4

Gram -.

Question 5

The chemical composition of the capsule in bacteria is Polysaccharide gel except in Bacillus anthracis, which has what?

Answer 5

Polypeptide of poly D-glutamate.

Question 6

The bacterial capsule has a pathogenicity factor protecting against phagocytosis until opsonized; in other words it is immunogenic. However this is not true for two bacteria which are nonimmunogenic. Which bacteria are they?

Answer 6

S. pyogenes (hyaluronic acid) and type B N. meningitidis (sialic acid).

Question 7

Which type of bacteria has Mycolic acids in their cell wall?

Answer 7

Acid-fast bacteria only.

Question 8

Which type of Gram bacteria has endospores?

Answer 8

Gram +.

Question 9

Which 2 bacteria produce endospores?

Answer 9

Bacillus and Clostridium.

Question 10

What is a differential medium?

Answer 10

A medium on which different bacteria can be distinguised by difference in colonial morphology or color.

Question 11

What is a selective medium?

Answer 11

A medium that selects for certain bacteria by inclusion of special nutrients and/or antibiotics.

Question 12

What is a Thayer-Martin media and what does it look for?

Answer 12

It is a selective medium; a chocolate agar supplemented with vancomycin, nystatin and colistin to inhibit the normal flora, including nonpathogenic Neisseria. It looks for pathogenic Neisseria from sites with normal flora.

Question 13

Which bacteria need Cystein in their medium?

Answer 13

Francisella, Brucella, Legionella, Pasteurella. [The four Sisters ‘Ella and the Cysteine Chapel]

Question 14

Which bacteria need cholesterol, purines and pyrimidines in their medium?

Answer 14

Mycoplasma.

Question 15

Which bacteria are Obligate anaerobes?

Answer 15

Actinomyces, Bacteroids, Clostridium. [ABCs of anaerobiosis]

Question 16

List two G(+) Cocci.

Answer 16

Staphylococcus, Streptococcus.

Question 17

List five G(+) aerobic or facultative anaerobic rods.

Answer 17

Bacillus, Listeria, Corynbacterium, Nocardia, Mycobacterium.

Question 18

List five G(+) anaerobic rods.

Answer 18

Clostridium, Actinomyces, Eubacterium, Proptonibacterium, Lactobacillus.

Question 19

List two G(-) Cocci.

Answer 19

Neiseeria, Moraxella.

Question 20

List five G(-) rods.

Answer 20

Pseudomonas, Legionella, Brucella, Bordetella, Francisella.

Question 21

List two G(-) helicals (and microaerophilic).

Answer 21

Campylobacter, Helicobacter.

Question 22

List three G(-) spirochetes.

Answer 22

Treponema, Borrelia, Leptospira.

Question 23

What type of shape do Enterobacteriaceae have?

Answer 23

G(-) facultative anaerobic rods.

Question 24

List nine G(-) eneterobacteriaceae facultative anaerobic rods.

Answer 24

Escherichia, Shigella, Salmonella, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, Proteus, Yersinia.

Question 25

What shape and Gram stain are Vibrio, Pasteurella, and Haemophilus?

Answer 25

G(-) facultative anaerobic rods.