2A-Matter & Energy

Question 1

Everything in the Universe is made up of

Answer 1

matter and energy

Question 2

Matter

Answer 2

physical items that surround you, made of atoms and compose elements combined in predictable ways; has mass and volume interconvertible with energy E=mc^2

Question 3

4 states of matter

Answer 3

solid, liquid, gas, plasma; state depends on the kinetic energy of the object

Question 4

Forms of energy

Answer 4

heat, light, electrical

Question 5

Energy is

Answer 5

the ability to do work or cause change in matter; can not be destroyed; but can me transferred and may change in the process

Question 6

has definite volume and 3d

Answer 6

a solid

Question 7

IMF

Answer 7

intermolecular forces

Question 8

structure of a solid is either

Answer 8

crystalline or amorphous

Question 9

crystalline solid

Answer 9

regular and repeating arrangement of particles

ie. atoms, ions or molecules. 4 types:Ionic solid, molecular solid, network solid, metallic solid

Question 10

amorphous solid

Answer 10

has no regular or repeating arrangement of particles ie. rubber, glass, some plastics

Question 11

melting

Answer 11

endothermic process, converting solid to liquid. Liquids contain more kinetic energy than particles in a solid

Question 12

freezing

Answer 12

exothermic process, converting liquid to solid

Question 13

evaporation

Answer 13

endothermic process of liquid into its gaseous state

Question 14

condensation

Answer 14

exothermic process inwhich gas cools into its liquid state

Question 15

viscosity

Answer 15

the resistance of a liquid to flow. fluids with a high IMF are more viscous (ie. molasses) than fluids with a lower IMF

Question 16

Gas

Answer 16

consists of particles that contain the most kinetic energy relative to the other phases. particles move rapidly, randomly and independently of one another.

Question 17

gas pressure

Answer 17

when gas particles collide with each other; the force exerted per area

Question 18

Boyle’s Law

Answer 18

pressure increases on a gas, the volume decreases

Question 19

Charles’s Law

Answer 19

gas temp increases then volume increases

Question 20

Gay-Lussac’s Law

Answer 20

gas temp increases the pressure also increases

Question 21

Dmitri Mendeleyev

Answer 21

published original Periodic Table of Elements organized by atomic weight

Question 22

Henry Moseley

Answer 22

revised the Periodic table to include the additional 3 elements (92 naturally occurring in nature, not man made and do not decay) organized by atomic number (# of protons in the nucleus)